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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Typical order of events in puberty?
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1. Thelarche (breast development)
2. Pubarche (pubic hair development 3. Peak height velocity 4. menarche (onset of menstruation) |
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2. During the normal menstrual cycle, the ovary goes through a follicular and luteal phase at the same time that the endometrium goes through the what?
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a. Proliferative and secretory phases.
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3. What does ovulation occur in response to?
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a. LR surge, signalling the mature follicle to break open and release the mature oocyte.
b. Fertilization of the ovum must occur w/I 24 hours of ovulation. |
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4. What does menstruation occur as a result of?
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a. A result of decreasing progestin levels resulting in sloughing of the endometrium.
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5. What is Menopause characterized by?
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a. Cessation of menses and onset of an oestrogen-deficient state.
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6. Average age of menopause?
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a. 51.
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7. Presentation of menopause symptoms?
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1. Amenorrhea
2. Hot flashes 3. Vaginal atrophy 4. Mood and sleep changes b. All consistent w/decreased levels of oestrogen |
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8. Diagnosis of menopause?
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a. Can be diagnosed after 12 months of amenorrhea and the presence of menopausal symptoms which include:
1. Hot flashes 2. night sweats 3. Mood and sleep disturbances 4. Vaginal dryness |
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9. Lab test for confirmation of menopause?
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a. ↑’d FSH.
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10. In women who wish to use HRT and still have a uterus in place should use what in order to avoid endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer?
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a. Oestrogen and progesterone to avoid unopposed oestrogen exposure.
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11. 2 main advantages of HRT?
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a. Prevention of bone loss and osteoporosis
b. Relief of symptoms associated w/menopause. |
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12. Guidelines in use of HRT?
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a. Should be reserved for the tx of sx and be used for only short term (6-12 months) at the lowest amount needed to tx symptoms.
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13. Tx of vasomotor flushes?
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a. Clonidine (Catapres)
b. SSRIs such as paroxetine (Paxil) c. SNRIs such as venlafaxine. |
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14. Tx of vaginal atrophy?
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a. Lubricants and moisturizers.
b. Vaginal oestrogen can have excellent local effects on vaginal and urethral atrophy, w/only minimal systemic absorption. |
