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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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1. Endometriosis?
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a. The presence of endometrial tissue outside the endometrial cavity, most often in the ovary or pelvic peritoneum.
b. It occurs in 10-15% of women of reproductive age. |
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2. Hallmark of endometriosis?
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a. Cyclic pelvic pain which is at its worst 1-2 days before menses, and subsides at the onset of flow or shortly thereafter.
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a. Cyclic pelvic pain which is at its worst 1-2 days before menses, and subsides at the onset of flow or shortly thereafter.
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1. Dysmenorrhea
2. Dyspareunia 3. Abnormal bleeding 4. Infertility b. The severity of symptoms may not correlate w/disease. |
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4. Complications of endometriosis?
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a. Intraabdominal inflammation and bleeding that can cause:
i. Scarring ii. Pain iii. Adhesion formation, which can lead to infertility and chronic pelvic pain. |
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a. Intraabdominal inflammation and bleeding that can cause:
i. Scarring ii. Pain iii. Adhesion formation, which can lead to infertility and chronic pelvic pain. |
a. Direct visualization w/diagnostic laparoscopy or
b. Laparotomy |
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6. Medical Tx of endometriosis?
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a. NSAIDS, OCPS, progestins, Danazol, GnRH agonists) to reduce pain.
i. These methods are used mainly as temporary agents. b. There is no role for the use of medical management in pts trying to conceive or those diagnosed w/infertility. |
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7. Surgical tx of endometriosis?
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a. Conservative therapy to ablate implants and adhesions, thereby preserving the potential for future fertility.
b. Surgery should be followed immediately by medical therapy |
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8. Definitive surgical tx for endometriosis?
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a. TAHBSO, Lysis of adhesions, and removal of endometriosis lesions.
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9. Pathophys Adenomyosis?
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a. The extension of endometrial tissue into the myometrium, making the uterus diffusely enlarged, boggy, and globular.
b. It occurs in 15% of women, most of whom are parous and in their 30s and early 40s. |
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10. Presentation of Adenomyosis?
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a. Increasing secondary dysmenorrhea and/or menorrhagia.
b. 30% of pts are asymptomatic. |
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11. How do you Diagnose Adenomyosis?
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a. May be suggested on pelvic U/S
b. MRI can best distinguish between adenomyosis and fibroids. c. Pts 35 and older w/irregular menses should also have an endometrial biopsy to r/o hyperplasia and cancer. |
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12. Tx of minimal sx of adenomyosis?
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a. NSAIDs
b. OCPs c. Progestins d. Although, adenomyosis is less responsive to hormonal management than endometriosis. |
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13. Only definitive means of diagnosing and treating adenomyosis?
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a. Hysterectomy.
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14. Adenomyoma?
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a. A well-circumscribed collection of endometrial tissue w/in the uterine wall.
b. They may also contain smooth muscle cells and are not encapsulated. c. Adenomyomas can also extend into the endometrial cavity in the form of a polyp. |
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15. Endometrioma?
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a. A cystic collection of endometrial cells on the ovary; also known as “chocolate cysts”.
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16. Leiomyoma?
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a. Local proliferation of smooth muscle cells w/in the uterus, often surrounded by a pseudocapsule.
b. Also known as fibroids, these benign growth may be located on the intramural, subserosal, or submucosal part of the uterus. |
