Obertopia Social Studies Unit 1

Front 1

political map

Back 1

Map that shows features such as cities, countries, towns, villages, etc.

Front 2

standard of living

Back 2

How wealthy or poor a nation is -- high or low.

Front 3

natural resources

Back 3

any valuable product that comes from nature (ex. coal, fruits, vegetables, etc.)

Front 4

agriculture

Back 4

farming & livestock

Front 5

literacy rate

Back 5

the percentage of people over the age of 15 that can read and write in a country

Front 6

pull factor

Back 6

anything that causes people to move to a place

Front 7

geography

Back 7

the study of people, places and the environment

Front 8

culture

Back 8

the beliefs, traditions, laws, art, food and ways of living that a group of people share

Front 9

physical map

Back 9

map that shows features such as mountain ranges, rivers, deserts, etc. shows natural features

Front 10

push factor

Back 10

anything that causes people to move away from a place

Front 11

history

Back 11

a record of the past

Front 12

latitude lines

Back 12

lines that run east to west across the earth; they measure how far a place is from the equator

Front 13

government

Back 13

the people or groups in a country that make laws, make sure those laws are enforced, and settle disagreements about those laws

Front 14

economy

Back 14

the production, distribution and consumption of goods and services

Front 15

urban

Back 15

heavily populated areas (high population density) with tall buildings, factories, and lots of jobs

Front 16

industry

Back 16

a city where many things are produced, usually in factories. Usually has heavy air pollution

Front 17

longitude

Back 17

the lines that run north to south across the earth; they measure how far a place is from the prime meridian

Front 18

surburban

Back 18

area with smaller cities, medium population density, and neighborhoods

Front 19

empire

Back 19

a nation or group of nations ruled by an emperor or king

Front 20

rural

Back 20

the area furthest away from the city, with low population density, farmland, and mostly undeveloped lands

Front 21

migration

Back 21

when a group of people or animals moves from one area to another

Front 22

scarcity

Back 22

shortage of resources

Front 23

citizen

Back 23

a legal member of a country

Front 24

unitary

Back 24

a form of government where the power is held by one central authority; smaller regional authorities exist, but only get power from the central government.

Front 25

parliamentary democracy

Back 25

government in which executive power is part of the legislature

Front 26

federal

Back 26

a form of government where power is divided and shared between one central and several regional authorities

Front 27

prime minister

Back 27

leader of a parliamentary democracy

Front 28

legislature

Back 28

lawmakers

Front 29

autocracy

Back 29

one person leads with unlimited power; citizen has little, if any, role in the government

Front 30

oligarchy

Back 30

government led by a group, citizen has a very limited role in the government

Front 31

president

Back 31

leader of a presidential democracy

Front 32

confederation

Back 32

when independent countries agree to work together as one in order to accomplish certain goals

Front 33

constitutional monarchy

Back 33

government in which there is a king or queen, but they have no real power. the real leader of the country is the Prime Minister. The citizens get to vote for the real leaders.

Front 34

presidential

Back 34

a system where the executive power is independent of the legislature--leader is separate from lawmakers

Front 35

democracy

Back 35

government where people (citizens) have the power--voting

Front 36

private

Back 36

business owned by citizens

Front 37

command

Back 37

an economy where the government owns the country's resources and businesses

Front 38

market

Back 38

an economy where private citizens or groups of citizens own businesses

Front 39

public business

Back 39

business owned by the government

Front 40

tarrif

Back 40

a tax the government puts on imported or exported goods; makes trade more expensive

Front 41

mixed

Back 41

an economy where some businesses are government owned and others are privately owned by citizens.

Front 42

trade barriers

Back 42

something that prevents trade

Front 43

gross domestic product

Back 43

total money value of everything produced in a country in a year

Front 44

traditional

Back 44

economy where people use the same work methods and tools generation after generation

Front 45

quotas

Back 45

limit on the amount of products allowed to be traded from other countries

Front 46

enterpreneur

Back 46

person who starts, organizes, and manages a business

Front 47

embargos

Back 47

a government law stopping trade between two countries

Front 48

human resources/human capital

Back 48

a person who has skills for a job; a worker or employee. ex. carpenter, factory worker, waiter

Front 49

currency

Back 49

something people exchange for goods or services. ex. dollar, euro, peso

Front 50

capital resource/capital good

Back 50

the products, items, and machines a business needs to run & succeed. ex. machines, computers

Front 51

GDP per capita

Back 51

when the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is divided by the number of people in a country.