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120 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Ripening of Cervix
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Come more anterior, thins and dilates
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Braxton Hicks Contractions
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No dilation, contraction
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Uterine Contractions
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6 contractions an hour 10 min apart
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Show
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Bloody as cervix opens
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Passage
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Pelvis
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Passenger
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Baby
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Powers
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adequate contraction force
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2 pelvic measurements determine adequacy of pelvic size
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Diagonal conjugate and transverse diameter of outlet
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Ischeal Spines
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Mid Pelvis zero station
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Baby is engaged at ___ station
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0
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Heart Beat is visible on US at
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6 weeks
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Early US can determine ___________
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Due date more accuratly
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Hydramnios
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Too much amniotic fluid
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Oligohydramnios
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Too little amniotic fluid
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Doppler Umbilical Velocimetry
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How quick blood travels thru umbilical cord
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Cord is less likely to twist if it has
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good blood volume
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Biophysical profile contains 6 items
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Fetal breathing
Fetal movement Fetal tone Amniotic fluid volume Fetal heart reactivity placental grade (how looks) |
BMTARG
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After the ____ week the placenta doesnt function as well
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40th
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In a biophysical profile each items can score ___ so the highest possible score is ____
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2 / 12
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A fetus is in jeopardy scores a _____ to ______ on a biophysical profile
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4-6 they could die in 24 hrs
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Normal amniotic fluid is what color
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color of water- in late pregnancy yellow tinged
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Amniotic fluid that is a strong yellow color suggests
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blood incompatibility - bilirubin breaking down
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Green amniotic fluid suggests
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meconium
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Lecithin and spingomyelin are the protein components of the
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lung enzyme surfactant (22-24 weeks)
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AFP is a blood test or can be seen on
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amniocentesis
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Chorionic Villi Sampeling is done with US but mothers need _________ before
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prophylactic antibiotics
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PUBS
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percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
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PUBS is done in which trimesters
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2 or 3
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Which procedure can be used to transfuse an anemic baby
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PUBS
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In a NST reactive is _____ and non reactive is ____
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good/bad
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If your NST is non reactive what should your next step be?
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Ice water or vibroacoustic stim to wake sleeping baby
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What is the normal glucose level for a newborn?
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40 +
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Macrosomic
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More than 10lb baby
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A diabetic mother with kidney disease is at risk for
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fetal growth restriction, asphyxia, still birth and maternal PIH
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C-sections increase risk of _____ ________ in babies
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respiratory problems
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A fetus of a diabetic mother has ______ growth hormone
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more
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At what week is the oral glucose screen done
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24-28
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A result of ______ or greater on a oral glucose screen is indication for 3 hour GTT
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140mg/dl
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Gestational diabetes is usually managed by ________
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nutrition therapy
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Hyperthyroidism s/s
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tachycardia, fatigue, heat intolerance, emotional lability, weight loss and n/v
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Hyperthyroidism increases risk of
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PTL
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Hypothyroidism s/s
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weight gain, fatigue, cold intolerance, constipation, cool, dry skin, coarse hair and muscle weakness
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Hypothyroidism increases risk of
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preeclampsia, placental abruption , still birth and low birth weight
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Leading cause of nonobstetric maternal death
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cardiovascular disorders
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Blood volume increases
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30-50%
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Anemia is having a Hgb of less than ___ or Hct less than ______
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11 / 33
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Folic acid prevents
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neural tube defects
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All women of childbearing age should take ____ mg of folic acid daily
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0.4
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4stages of HIV
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1. mild flu like symptoms
2. seroconversion 6wks-1yr 3. Asymptomatic period 2-6yrs 4. Symptomatic period |
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Early HIV symptoms include
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fatigue, anemia, diarrhea and weight loss
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Newborns of HIV mothers are treated for 6 weeks . They must have ____ negative cultures at 4 months to exclude HIV
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2
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Tobacco is a
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vasoconstrictor
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Cocaine is a
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Vasoconstrictor (may cause abruption)
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Red flag of drug use during pregnancy is
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No prenatal care
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HTN in pregnancy is defined at a BP of
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140/90
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UA may be positive for _______ in a HTN mother
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protein
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Gestational HTN onset of HTN without proteinuria after ____ weeks
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20
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PIH reduces blood supply to which organs
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Kidney pancreas liver brain and placenta
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Eclampsia
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have had a seizure
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Mild preeclampsia BP rises ___ or more systolic and ___ or more diastolic above pre pregnancy level
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30 15
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Gestational Hypertension classic signs (3)
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hypertension, proteinuria, edema
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Mild Preeclampsia usually has ______ associated with it
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edema
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Severe Preeclampsia BP
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160/110
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Severe preeclampsia s/s
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epigastric pain, hyperflexia, N/V, pulm edema
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Eclampsia care includes
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Mag bolus and gtt, limit visitors, 1:1 nursing care, foley, steroids
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Hellp syndrome stands for
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Hemolysis
Elevated Liver Enzymes Low Platelets |
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DIC treatment
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Heparin
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What is the cure for HELLP syndrome
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delivery
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Hypovolemic shock s/s
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Increased HR, Decreased BP, Increased RR, Decreased UO
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hypovolemic shock treatment
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16g or larger IV x 2, position on side or trendelenberg, fetal monitoring
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Most common 1st trimester bleeding reasons
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Spontaneous Abortion (miscarriage) or ectopic pregnancy
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Spontaneous abortion happens before ___
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viability
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Early spontaneous abortions happen before ___ weeks
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16
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Late abortions occur between _____ and _____ weeks
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16 / 24
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Most frequent cause of abortion is abnormal ______ _____
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fetal function
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Bleeding and cramping are a _____ sign
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bad
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Threatened Abortions if greater than 6 weeks _____ can detect if less than 6 weeks need _____
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US / HCG
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Imminent Abortion
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bleeding cramping and dilation
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threatened abortion s/s
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Cramp and Bleed
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HCG should ______ each 24 hours
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double
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Complete Abortion
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entire product of conception expell without assistance
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Incomplete Abortion
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Part of product of conception expelled but something retained in uterus- danger of maternal hemorrhage
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Treatment of Incomplete Abortion
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D & C
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Missed Abortion
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fetus dies in utero but is not expelled if <14 wks D and C if over then induction
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Septic abortion
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complicated by infection (teens self induce abortion) Fever, cramps, can lead to toxic shock syndrome, septicemia, kidney failure and death
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Tx of Septic abortion
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CBC, Electrolytes, Creatning, Type and cross, cultures, foley, fluids, antibiotics, d&c, tetnus
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Ectopic Pregnancy
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fallopian tube, abdomen
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Referred pain to shoulders from peritoneal cavity can be from __________-
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ectopic pregnancy
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Molar Pregnancy
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No baby develops, grape size fluid filled vesicles
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S/S Molar Pregnancy
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uterus rapidly expanding, no fetal heart tones, Extremely elevated HCG, n/v
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After a molar pregnancy HCG and CXR are check each
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month for 1 yr
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Women following a molar pregnancy must be on ______________ for 1 year
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birth control
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Incompetent Cervix
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dilates prematurely, occurs at 20 weeks
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Tx for incompetent cervix
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sew up cervix at 12-14 wks and remove at 38-39 weeks
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Placenta Previa
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low implantation of placenta
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Previas are ___________ Abruptions are _________
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Painless bleeding
Painful bleeding |
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Never attempt a pelvic or rectal exam with ___________ bleeding late in pregnancy
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Painless, if placenta previa can cause hemorrhage
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Sharp stabbing pain high in uterine fundus can be caused from
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Premature seperation of placenta
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DIC
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disseminated Intravascular Coagulation- disorder of blood clotting
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DIC symptoms
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Easy bruising, or bleeding from IV site
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DIC is an emergency the treatment is to _______________________-
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get rid of cause
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Placenta Accreta
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Deep attachment of placenta to uterine myometrium, wont loosen and deliver
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You should always inspect placenta and cord at birth for abnormalities one problem you can see is
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placenta accreta
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Absence of 1 artery in the umbilical cord associated with
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congenital heart and kidney abnormalities
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Group B Strep usually has _____ symptoms
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NO
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Placenta Succenturiata
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One or more accessory lobes connected to main placenta by blood vessels- small ones can be retained in uterus after birth
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Battledore Placenta
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Cord Inserted marginally rater than centrally
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All women are screened for Group B strep at how many weeks
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35-38
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Treatment for group b strep
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penicillin
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Teratogens are most harmful in the ___ trimester
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first
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TORCH
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toxoplasmosis
Other infections Rubella, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex |
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All torch diseases cross placenta and
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affect fetus
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Toxoplasmosis can be contracted through
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cat liter, uncooked meat
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All moms should be checked for _______ immunity
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rubella
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Cytomegalovirus is transmitted by ____
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droplet
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Live virus vaccines are _________ during pregnancy
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contraindicated
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Bedrest used to prevent preterm labor can result in
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Calcium loss and bone demineralization
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Intrauterine Resuscitation includes
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Turn on side, turn off pit, up iv fluids o2 by facemask, call MD, terbutaline
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Role of oxytocin
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Stimulate uterine contractions, give on IV pump
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Forceps are used to
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shorten 2nd labor stage
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