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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Motivation?
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Psychological processes that arouse and focus goal-directed behavior
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Intrinsic Motivation?
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the desire to perform a task for its own sake because
1)the individual derives a sense of accomplishment 2) and/or feels the task is worthwhile |
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Extrinsic Motivation?
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the desire to perform a task in order to acquire external rewards (pay, praise, and status) or to avoid punishments
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Maslow’s Needs Hierarchy
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1)Self-Actualization
Complete psychic fulfillment 2)Esteem Recognition, Responsibility, Advancement 3)Belongingness Status, acceptance, appreciation 4)Safety Job Security, Growth Potential 5)Physiological Salary |
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Satisfaction-Progression Rule
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Fulfillment of higher order needs not motivating until lower order needs are fulfilled
Need only motivating until it’s satisfied |
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EPO Model
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Effort--> Performance --> Outcome
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Using Expectancy Theory to Motivate Employees
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1)Clearly define the performance standards (P)
2)Be sure performance standards are achievable (EP) 3)Offer the right reward (O) Guarantee that meeting the performance standards will result in the promised reward (PO) |
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SMART GOALS
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Specific (Stretch)
Measurable Agreed Upon (Action-Oriented) Realistic Transparent (Timetable) |
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How do you keep people motivated?
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REFRAME THE GOAL!
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Why were the worker at Lincoln Electric so motivated?
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Effort -->Performance Turnover & Self-selection Performance --> Outcome (Reward) |
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Problems with Extrinsic Motivation
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High costs of maintenance
Satiation Behavior exists only when reward exists Domain-specific Abuse in the clerical domain Discourages teamwork |
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Social Comparison
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a monkey with a cucumber
http://neuronarrative.files.wordpress.com/2008/12/monkey.jpg |
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Equity Theory
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What you put into an organization is what you should get out of it
More importantly – other people shouldn’t get better ratio of inputs to outputs than I do |
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To use extrinsic motivation effectively, you need to
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1)nderstand people’s expectations about effort, performance, and outcomes
***Be careful when designing incentive systems Make sure you reward desired behaviors And that you don’t reward non-desired behaviors |
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Job Characteristics Model
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Task Significance workers understand how the tasks they perform impact others (relevance made clear)
Task Identity workers see how the tasks they perform fit in with the “whole” product Task Variety workers can engage in different activities that use many of their skills and talents Autonomy workers have the freedom to plan, schedule, and perform their jobs as they wish Feedback workers are provided with information about how well they are performing |
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Adding intrinsic motivation to existing extrinsic motivation can ___________ overall movitvation
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boost
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Pros of intrinsic motivation
Cons |
Can sometimes be cheaper
Can be more sustainable Cons Can be more difficult to implement |
