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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fertilization takes place in what anatomic site?
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the fallopian tube
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The single cell that forms as a result of the union of the sperm and ovum is the ________________.
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zygote
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The term Decidua denotes the transformed endometrium of pregnancy. The different regions of the decidua are divided into these three layers:
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1. decidua basalis
2. decidua parietalis (vera) 3. decidua capsularis |
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The decidual layer that closes over the implanted blastocyst is referred to as the _______________.
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decidual capularis
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The decidual layer that ultimately develops into the placenta is the _________________.
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decidual basalis
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The primary source of progesterone during the first trimester of pregnancy is secreted by what structure?
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corpus luteum
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The trophoblast of an early first trimester pregnancy produces _______________.
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HCG, human chorionic gonadotropin
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Normal values for BHCG levels for visualization of a gestational sac with transvaginal sonography can be as low as ______________.
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≥ 500 miu/mi (2IS)
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Where is the yolk sac located?
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outside the amnion but inside the chorion
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Describe the procedure for a gestational sac measurement.
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- measure in 3 planar sections
- measure the fluid in the sac only - calculate MSD by dividing the sum of the sagittal; AP & trv diameter by 3 |
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Menstrual age is interchangeable with what other term?
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gestational age
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At what weeks gestation is it normal to visualize a chorionic and amniotic separation?
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up to 16 weeks
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The demonstration of midgut herniation seen after 11 weeks is considered __________.
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abnormal
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The most accurate method of dating a gestation is the ________________.
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CRL
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The cystic structure seen in the embryonic cranium of a 10 week fetus is considered to be ______________.
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normal
- normally seen between 8-11 weeks |
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What is the cystic structure in the embryonic cranium called?
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rhombencephalon
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Using the date wheel, calculate the due date (EDC) for LMP of 5-28-07
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EDC = 03-02-08
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How many weeks is/was she on Oct. 15, 2007?
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20 weeks
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A patient comes into your lab for a dating scan on 10-05-07. She is unsure of her last menstrual period, but knows her due date (EDC) is 2-19-08. Using the date wheel, calculate her gestational age on this date.
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20 weeks/2 days
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What is the patients probable date of conception?
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May 30th
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Since a heartbeat should be visualized in a 6 week fetal pole, sonography can "diagnose" an _____________ ____________ as early as 6 weeks.
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embryonic demise
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With a spontaneous abortion three months ago, endovaginal sonographic findings include the presence of a well-circumscribed fluid collection within the uterus that has a mean sac diameter of 10mm. A small spherical structure is seen within this fluid collection. The uterus is slightly enlarged, yet there are no other findings. What is the most likely diagnosis?
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normal intrauterine pregnancy at 5 weeks
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Sonographic demonstration of the "double decidual" sac sign on an early first trimester pregnancy ultrasound suggests _____________.
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viable IUP
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Eight months ago, a patient reports to have had a miscarriage. Since then, her periods have not returned to normal and she has had a mild, brownish vaginal discharge. Her serum hCG keels are <5 mIU/mI (negative).
Transabdominal sonography reveals a minimally enlarged uterus with brightly echogenic, endometrial cavity. Acoustic shadowing can be seen emanating from several areas of this mass. These findings are strongly suggestive of a(an) _________________. |
missed abortion
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What percentage of ectopic pregnancies occur in the fallopian tube?
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95%
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A 32-year-old patient is 15 weeks pregnant by her menstrual history. Her first pregnancy test was positive at 6 weeks LNMP. Her most recent pregnancy test is negative. She reports vaginal bleeding and cramping. Sonography reveals a fluid-filled endometrial cavity containing echogenic debris. This pattern most likely represents a(an) _________________.
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incomplete abortion
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What term describes the chorionic cavity seen in the uterus on ultrasound?
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"gestational sac"
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A 22-year-old patient is 9 weeks pregnant by her menstrual history. She has experienced some vaginal spotting. The pelvic sonogram reveals an irregular gestational sac that measure 3.2 cm. No embryo is identified. This pattern most likely represents a(an) _____________.
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anembryonic pregnancy or blighted ovum
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Describe the sonographic appearance of an ectopic pregnancy.
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- empty uterus
- an adnexal gestational sac with a fetal pole and cardiac activity - irregular or complex adnexal mass - thickened endometrium with pseudo gestational sac - fluid in the cul-de-sac |
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A patient reports her last menstrual period 8 weeks ago. Her BhCG test is weakly positive, and she is experiencing left lower quadrant pain. The sonographic images display a prominent endometrial cavity echo pattern, a complex left adnexal mass, and a prominent amount of fluid in the posterior cul-de-sac. This pattern most likely represents a(an) ______________.
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ectopic pregnancy
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The term ectopic pregnancy describes any pregnancy ____________ the endometrial lumen.
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outside
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List locations of ectopic pregnancy.
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abdominal cavity
--> bowel --> peritoneum ovary fallopian tube cervix |
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In an abdominal ectopic pregnancy, the placenta is __________________ after the delivery of the fetus.
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left in the patient
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A patient present with the following information: RLQ pain, light vaginal bleeding positive serum pregnancy test and ah history of PID and tubal ligation. What condition would you be most suspicious for?
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ectopic pregnancy
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Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) titers an ectopic pregnancy ______________ double every 2 days.
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WILL NOT
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A patient presents with clinical history of brisk vaginal bleeding. Information provided by the examining physician indicates that she has a enlarged uterus, palpable large left adnexal mass and a serum beta hCG of 130,000 mIU/mI, despite the fact that she had a normal vaginal delivery prior to this most recent office visit. These findings are most suspicious for?
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a malignant form of gestational trophoblastic disease
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What type of cyst is commonly associated with hydatidiform mole?
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theca lutein cysts
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List the types of gestational trophoblastic disease.
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complete mole
partial mole mole w/ coexisting fetus persistent trophoblastic disease --> invasive --> choriocarcinoma |
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Another name for an invasive mole is ______________.
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chorioadenoma destruens
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List areas which choriocarcinoma may metastasize.
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brain
lungs liver GI tract bone skin |
