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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is Perception? |
Individuals organize and interpret their Impressions
To give meaning to their environment |
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What is Behaviour based on? |
Perception of what reality is
Not on reality itself |
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Why do we study Perception? |
Understand how people make attributions about events
Attribution guides Behavior regardless of the truth of the attribution |
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What are 3 factors influencing Perception? |
The perceiver The target The situation |
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What are 6 Perceptual Errors? |
Attribution theory Selective perception Halo effect Contrast effect Projection Stereotyping |
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What is Attribution Theory? |
Determining whether observed behaviour is internally or externally caused
Distinctiveness Consensus Consistency |
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What is Distinctiveness? |
How often does the person do this in other situations High (seldom) is externally Low (frequent) is internally |
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What is Consensus? |
How often do other people do this in similar situations High (frequently) is external Low (seldom) is internal |
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What is Consistency? |
How often did the person do this in the past High (frequently) is internal Low (seldom) is external |
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How do Attributions get Distorted? |
Fundamental attribution error
Self-serving bias |
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What is Selective Perception? |
Selectively interpreting what we see |
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What is the Halo Effect? |
General impression about individual based on a single characteristic E.g. intelligence, like ability, or appearance |
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What is Contrast Effect? |
Evaluation affected by comparisons with other individuals |
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What are applications of judgment and perception in the workplace? |
Employment interviews Performance expectations Performance evaluation |
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What is Personality? |
Stable patterns of behaviour and consistent internal states, that
Determines how individuals react and interact with others |
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What are means of measuring Personality? |
Self-reported surveys -self evaluation Observer ratings -independent assessment; more accurate Personality determinants -e.g. heredity Personality traits |
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What are Personality Traits? |
Enduring characteristics that describe individuals Behavior
Myers-Briggs type indicator The Big Five personality |
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What is the Myers-Briggs type indicator? |
Determines how people usually act or feel in particular situations |
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What are the four classifications of the Myers-Briggs type indicator? |
Extrovert or Introvert Sensing or Intuitive Thinking or Feeling Perceiving or Judging |
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In the big five model, what are the five basic personality dimensions? |
Extraversion Agreeableness Conscientiousness Emotional stability Openness |
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How does the Big Five Traits influence Observational Behavior? |
In the work place it promotes: Higher job and life satisfaction Lower stress Higher performance Enhanced leadership Training preformance |
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What is a Dark Triad? |
Group of negative personality traits
Machiavellianism Narcissism Psychopathy |
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What is Machiavellianism? |
Degree that an individual is:
Pragmatic Maintains emotional distance Believes the ends justify the means
Manipulate more, wins more, persuaded less, more persuasive |
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What is Core Self-Evaluation? |
The degree that people like or dislike themselves
Positive CSE perform better: More ambitious goals More committed Persist longer |
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What is Self-Monitoring? |
Ability to adjust Behavior to external situational factors |
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What is a Proactive Personality? |
Identifies opportunities Shows initiative Takes action
Higher job performance Career success |
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What is Affect? |
Generic term covers broad range of feelings
Including emotions and moods |
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What is an Emotions? |
Intense feelings directed at someone or something |
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What is a mood? |
Less intense feelings that lack a contextual stimulus |
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What is Emotional Labour? |
When an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions
During interpersonal transactions at work
Experess expected emotion, rather than true emotions while working |
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What is Emotion Regulation? |
Identifying and modifying the emotions you feel |
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