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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Age of viability |
20 weeks Lungs have matured enough to survive outside the uterus Will need special care in the NICU |
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Teratogens |
Cause damage to Growing cells include some prescribed medications, maternal undernutrition or maternal smoking |
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Survival time of sperm |
5 days |
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Zygote |
Cell formed by the union of sperm and the ovum Transported through the fallopian tube and into the uterus Fertilization normally occurs in the outer third of the fallopian tube |
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Folic acid helps prevent what |
Neural tube defects such as spina bifida |
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Where does a zygote usually implant |
Upper posterior uterine wall It burrow into the prepared lining of the uterus called endometrium The endometrium is now called the decidua - the area under the blastocyst is called the decidua basalis and gives rise 2 the maternal part of the placenta |
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the maternal side of the placenta name and function |
Arises from the decidua basalis and as a beefy red appearance |
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The fetal side of the placenta name and function |
Developed from the chorionic villi & chrorionic blood vessels The amnion covers the fetal side of the musical chord and give them a grayish shiny appearance at term |
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Placenta |
A temporary organ for fetal respiration nutrition and excretion |
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Placental hormone progesterone |
Produced by the corpus luteum maintains uterine lining decrease uterine contractions preps breast glands for lactation and stimulates the testes |
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Placental hormone estrogen |
Stimulates uterine growth increase blood flow to your door in vessels stimulates development of breast ducts |
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Placental hormone human chorionic gonadotropin (HCLa) |
Send signal to corpus luteum that conception occurred 7 - 9 days after fertilization |
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Human placental lactogen (hPL) |
Decreased insulin sensitivity and utilization of glucose by Mom |
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Umbilical cord description and function |
Lifeline between mother and fetus Delivered with placenta and Fetal blood vessels Two arteries away from fetus one vein towards fetus Provides nutrients to baby being mother and allows for waste to pass |
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Wharton's jelly |
Covers and cushions cord vessels keeping three vessel separate |
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Fetal circulation ( ductusvenosus, foramen ovale, ductus arteriosus) what they by pass & why |
Bypasses the foramen ovale because of pressure on the right side of the heart Falls as the lungs become fully inflated and now little resistance to blood flow |
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Functions of amniotic fluid |
Maintains even temperature Prevent amniotic sac from sticking to fetal skin Allow symmetrical growth Allows buoyancy and fetal movement Access cushion to protect fetus and umbilical cord |
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Monozygotic twins |
Identical twins Develops from same fertilized ovum each have own amnion with common chorion and placenta |
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Dizygotic twins |
Fraternal twins 2 separate OVA 2 separate sperm 2 amnion's 2 chlorians 2 placentas |
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Quickening |
Fetal movement felt by the mother First perceived at 16 to 20 weeks of gestation as a faint flutter in the lower abdomen |
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Braxton Hicks contractions |
Irregular painless uterine contractions that begin in the second trimester May become progressively more noticeable as term approaches Maybe strong enough to be mistaken for True labor |
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Chadwicks sign |
Purplish or bluish discoloration of the cervix, vagina and vulva caused by increased vascular congestion |
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Range for normal fetal heart rate (FHR) |
At term range is between a low of 110 to 120 BPM A high of 150 to 160 BPM Rate is higher in early gestation & slows as term approaches |
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Supine hypotension |
When does the pain position increase size of uterus presses on the inferior vena cava this reduces the amount of blood returned to the heart Circulation to the Boston MA also be reduced resulting in fetal hypoxia Symptoms include faintness lightheadedness dizziness and agitation Displacing the uterus to one side is all that is needed to relieve the pressure - lie flat place a small towel roll under one hip |
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Recommended weight gain 4 single fetus |
Normal weight 25 to 35 lb Underweight 28 to 40 lb Overweight 11 to 25 lb Obese 11 to 15 lb |
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Recommended weight gain with twins |
Normal weight 37 to 54 lb Overweight 31 to 50 lb Obese 25 to 42 LB |
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Common discomforts a pregnancy in first trimester |
Nausea with or without vomiting Breast tenderness Urinary frequency Vaginal discharge (leukorrhea) |
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Discomforts of pregnancy during second and third trimester |
Heartburn (pyrosis) Constipation and flagellants Hemorrhoids Back aches Round ligament pain Leg cramps Varicose veins Edema of feet and ankles HeadacheVaricose veinsEdema of feet and anklesFaintness dizziness fatigue and dyspnea Faintness dizziness fatigue and dyspnea |
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Antepartum |
Before birth |
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Intrapartum |
During birth |
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Postpartum |
After birth |
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Major role of nurse during prenatal care |
Collecting data from the pregnant woman, identifying and re-evaluating risk factors, education and self-care, providing nutrition counseling, promoting the families adoption to pregnancy |
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What part of the history taken during prenatal visit and when should prenatal care begin |
Complete history and physical exam done, obstetric history including number and outcomes of past pregnancies problems and mom and baby, Minstrel history frequency and duration first day of last normal menstration, contraceptive history, family history, health history, psychosocial history |
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How to calculate estimated delivery date & what its called |
Determine first day of last normal menstrual period Add 7 days Go back three months Nagele's rule
Ex: 1st day last period jan 20 Add 7 days = jan 27 Back 3 mo = oct 27 is EDD |
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Leopold's maneuver |
Used to assess the presentation and position of the fetus by abdominal palpation of the fetus usually done about 36 weeks gestation |
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Primigravida |
A woman pregnant for the first time |
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Multigravida |
A woman that's given birth to two or more children (past age of viability) whether live birth or not |
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Gravida |
Any pregnancy regardless of duration including the one in progress |
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Gestational age |
Prenatal age of the developing fetus that is calculated from the first day of the woman's last normal menstrual period |
