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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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CHAPTER SEVEN
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(Ignore this card)
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List risk factors of spontaneous abortion
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chromosomal abnormalities, maternal illness (such as DM type 1), advancing maternal age (AMA), premature cervical dilation, chronic maternal infections, maternal malnutrition, trauma or injury, anomalies in the fetus or placenta, substance abuse
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Backache may be a sign of
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spontaneous abortion
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Dilation and evacuation may be performed on a spontaneous abortion after how many weeks?
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16
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Threatened abortion
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No tissue is passed, spotting or moderate bleeding, possible slight cramps; cervical os is closed
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Inevitable abortion
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No tissue is passed, mild to severe bleeding, moderate cramps; cervix is dilated and membranes or tissues are bulging
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Incomplete abortion
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Some tissue is passed; severe cramps and severe, continuous bleeding; cervix is dilated
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Complete abortion
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Minimal bleeding and mild cramping; cervix is now closed but all tissue is passed
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Missed abortion
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brownish discharge and no tissue passed - prolonged retention of tissue
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Septic abortion
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Malodorous discharge
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Recurrent abortion
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usually dilated; tissue passed
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Nothing should be put into the vagina for how many weeks following spontaneous abortion?
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2 weeks
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The woman should avoid pregnancy for how many months following spontaneous abortion?
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2 months
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What is the second most frequent cause of bleeding in early pregnancy?
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Ectopic pregnancy
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Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy
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any factor that compromises tubal patency: PID, IUD
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What is a common symptom of ectopic pregnancy?
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referred shoulder pain from blood irritation of the diaphragm or phrenic nerve
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What happens to progesterone and hCG in an ectopic pregnancy?
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elevated levels
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Which drug causes evacuation of the uterine contents?
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methotrexate (MTX)
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The client who is prescribed methotrexate should avoid what to prevent a toxic response to the medication?
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ETOH and vitamins containing folic acid
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In the complete mole, all genetic material is
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paternally derived
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The complete mole contains no
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fetus, placenta, amniotic membranes, or fluid
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Describe genetic material in a partial mole
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ovum fertilized by two sperm OR one sperm in which meiosis or chromosome reduction and division did not occur
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A risk factor for hydatidiform mole is
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low protein intake
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elevated hCG levels in hydatidiform mole may cause
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hyperemesis gravidarum
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Molar pregnancy may cause vaginal bleeding when?
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16 weeks gestation
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PIH may occur after 20 weeks gestation. Symptoms of PIH before 20 weeks may indicate
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molar pregnancy
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What is the normal value of hCG in a molar pregnancy? What should it be?
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Molar: 1-2 million IU; Normal: 400,000 IU
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Analysis of serum hCG following molar pregnancy should occur…
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every 1-2 weeks until levels are normal, every 2-4 weeks for 6 months, and every 2 months for 1 year
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Complete or total placenta previa
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when the cervical os is completely covered by the placental attachment
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Incomplete or partial placenta previa
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when the cervical os is only partially covered by the placental attachment
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Marginal or low-lying placenta previa
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when the placenta is attached near but does not reach the cervical os
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Is placenta previa painful?
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No
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What occurs with the fundal height in placenta previa
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fundal height is greater than expected for gestational age
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List sesveral risk factors of abruptio placentae
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cocaine abuse resulting in vasoconstriction; cigarette smoking; PROM; short umbilical cord
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A board-like abdomen that is tender may indicate
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abruptio placentae
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A firm, rigid uterus with contractions (uterine hypertonicity) may indicate
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abruptio placentae
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Vasa previa
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presence of fetal blood vessels crossing the amniotic membranes over the cervical os
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Painless heavy bleeding following ROM may indicatae
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vasa previa
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Vasa previa is associated with fetal bradycardia
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(Please ignore this side of the card)
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