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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Different from its mirror image.
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Chiral
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Not chiral
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Achiral
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Rotation of the plane of polarized light
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Optical Activity
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On the same side of a ring or double bond
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Cis
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On opposite sides of a ring or double bond
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Trans
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A carbon atom that is bonded to four different groups
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Asymmetric Carbon Atom (chiral carbon atom)
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Different compounds with the molecular formula
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Isomers
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Isomers that differ in the order in which their atoms are bonded together
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Constitutional Isomers (structural isomers)
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Isomers who's atoms are bonded together in the same order but differ in how the atoms are oriented in space
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Stereoisomers (configurational isomers)
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A pair of nonsuperimposable mirror- image molecules: mirror- image isomers
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Enantiomers
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A method for drawing an asymmetric carbon atoms as a cross. The carbon chain is kept along the vertical, with the IUPAC numbering from top to bottom. Vertical bonds project away from the viewer, and horizontal bonds project towards the viewer
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Fischer Projection
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Stereoisomers that are not mirror images
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Diastereomers
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The IUPAC term for an atom holding a set of ligands in a spatial arrangement that is not superimposable on its mirror image. (Ex. asymmetric carbon atoms)
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Chirality Center
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Compounds with identical properties except for the direction in which they rotate polarized light
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Optical Isomers
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An achiral compound that contains chirality centers. ORganically, an achiral compound that has chiral diastereomers
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Meso Compound
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An atom that gives rise to stereoisomers when its groups are interchanged. (Ex. Asymmetric Carbon and Double- bonded carbons in cis- trans alkenes)
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Stereocenter (Stereogenic Atom)
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A mixture of equal quantities of enantiomers, such that the mixture is optically inactive.
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Racemic Mixture
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A measure of a compound's ability to rotate the plane of polar light
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Specific Rotation
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Rotating the plane of polarized light clockwise
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Dextrorotatory (+) o (d)
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The detailed stereochemistry picture of a molecule, including how the atoms are arranged in space. Alternatively, the (R) or (S) configuration at each asymmetric carbon atom
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Absolute Configuration
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The experimentally determined relationship between the configurations of two molecules, even though the absolute configuration of either may not be known
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Relative Configuration
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The excess of one enantiomer in a mixture of enantiomers expressed as a percentage of the mixture. Similar to optical Purity
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Enantiomeric Excess
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