Nycc Spinal Radiology I Midterm: Lines & Measurements

Front 1

How is atlantoaxial alignment measured?

Back 1

Lateral margins of the atlas lateral masses to the lateral corners of the axis

Front 2

What projection(s) is/are used to assess atlantoaxial alignment?

Back 2

APOM

Front 3

What is the atlantoaxial alignment line used to assess?

Back 3

Vertical alignment

Front 4

What projection(s) is/are used to assess atlantodental interspace?

Back 4

Lateral Cervical Neutral, Flexion, Extension

Front 5

What is the atlantodental interspace found between?

Back 5

Anterior tubercle of the atlas and the dens (odontoid process) of the axis

Front 6

What is the normal range of the atlantodental interspace in adults?

Back 6

1-3 millimeters

Front 7

What is the normal range of the atlantodental interspace in children?

Back 7

1-5 millimeters

Front 8

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the paraodontoid space?

Back 8

APOM

Front 9

What is the para-odontoid space found between?

Back 9

The lateral aspects of the dens and the medial aspects of the body of the atlas

Front 10

What does a normal para-odontoid space look like?

Back 10

Equidistant on both sides of the dens

Front 11

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the prevertebral soft tissues?

Back 11

Lateral Cervical Neutral, Flexion, Extension

Front 12

Where are the prevertebral soft tissues found?

Back 12

In front of vertebral bodies, behind air shadow

Front 13

What is the normal range of the retropharyngeal soft tissue space?

Back 13

0-7 millimeters

Front 14

What is the normal range of the retrolaryngeal soft tissue space?

Back 14

0-7 millimeters

Front 15

What is the normal range of the retrotracheal soft tissue space?

Back 15

0-21 millimeters

Front 16

What projection(s) is/are George's line assessed with?

Back 16

Lateral Neutral, Flexion, Extension

Front 17

What parts of the spine are used to draw George's line?

Back 17

The posterior aspects of the vertebral bodies

Front 18

What is the maximum distance that is normal between aligned segments of George's line?

Back 18

2 millimeters

Front 19

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the spinolaminar line?

Back 19

Lateral Neutral, Flexion, Extension

Front 20

What parts of the spine are used to draw the spinolaminar line?

Back 20

The white lines of the spinolaminar junction

Front 21

What does a normal spinolaminar line look like?

Back 21

Smooth arcing curve

Front 22

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the cervical lordotic angle?

Back 22

Lateral Neutral

Front 23

How is the cervical lordotic angle found?

Back 23

Lines are drawn parallel to the inferior endplate of C7 and through the midpoint of the anterior and posterior tubercles of C1, then parrallel lines are drawn from these until they intercept

Front 24

What is the normal range of the cervical lordotic angle?

Back 24

35-45 degrees

Front 25

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the cervical gravity line?

Back 25

Lateral Cervical Neutral

Front 26

How is the cervical gravity line drawn?

Back 26

Vertically through the apex of the dens using the film's side

Front 27

Where should the cervical gravity line fall through?

Back 27

The anterior superior aspect of the vertebral body of C7

Front 28

What projection(s) is/are used to assess Ruth Jackson's line?

Back 28

Lateral Neutral, Flexion, Extension

Front 29

How is Ruth Jackson's line drawn?

Back 29

Intersecting lines are drawn along the posterior surface of C2 and the posterior surface of C7

Front 30

Where should the intersection of Ruth Jackson's line fall?

Back 30

For Flexion: C5-C6 IVDs or facet joints.
For Extension or Neutral: C4-C5 IVDs or facet joints

Front 31

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the sagital dimension of the spinal canal?

Back 31

Lateral Neutral, Flexion, Extension

Front 32

What is the sagittal dimension of the spinal canal measured between?

Back 32

Posterior aspect of vertebral bodies and the spinolaminar junction

Front 33

What is the minimum normal measurement of the sagittal dimension of the cervical spinal canal?

Back 33

12 millimeters

Front 34

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the coronal dimension of the spinal canal?

Back 34

APOM, AP

Front 35

What is the coronal dimension of the spinal canal measured between?

Back 35

The medial aspects of the pedicles

Front 36

What is the minimum normal distance of the coronal dimension of the cervical spinal canal?

Back 36

24 millimeters

Front 37

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the thoracic kyphosis angle?

Back 37

Lateral Thoracic

Front 38

How is the thoracic kyphosis angle measured?

Back 38

Lines are drawn parallel to the superior endplate of T1 and T12, then intersecting perpendicular lines are drawn

Front 39

What is the normal range of the thoracic kyphosis angle?

Back 39

50-60 degrees

Front 40

What is the minimum normal distance of the coronal dimension of the thoracic spinal canal?

Back 40

14 millimeters

Front 41

What is the minimum normal distance of the sagittal dimension of the thoracic spinal canal?

Back 41

12 millimeters

Front 42

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the lumbar lordotic angle?

Back 42

Lateral Lumbar Neutral

Front 43

How is the lumbar lordotic angle found?

Back 43

Lines are drawn parallel to the superior endplate of L1 and S1, then intersecting perpendicular lines are drawn

Front 44

What is the normal range of the lumbar lordotic angle?

Back 44

50-60 degrees

Front 45

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the lumbar intervertebral disc angles?

Back 45

Lateral Lumbar Neutral

Front 46

How are the lumbar intervertebral disc angles found?

Back 46

Lines are drawn parallel to each endplate and extended until they intersect

Front 47

What is the normal angle for the L1-L2 lumbar intervertebral disc angle?

Back 47

8 degrees

Front 48

What is the normal angle for the L2-L3 lumbar intervertebral disc angle?

Back 48

10 degrees

Front 49

What is the normal angle for the L3-L4 lumbar intervertebral disc angle?

Back 49

12 degrees

Front 50

What is the normal angle for the L4-L5 and L5-S1 lumbar intervertebral disc angles?

Back 50

14 degrees

Front 51

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the lumbosacral disc angle?

Back 51

Lateral Lumbar, Lumbosacral

Front 52

How is the lumbosacral disc angle found?

Back 52

Lines are drawn parallel to the inferior endplate of L5 and the superior endplate of S1 so they intersect

Front 53

What is the normal range of the lumbosacral disc angle?

Back 53

10-15 degrees

Front 54

What projection(s) is/are used to assess the coronal dimension of the lumbar spinal canal?

Back 54

AP Lumbar

Front 55

What is the minimum normal distance of the coronal dimension of the lumbar spinal canal?

Back 55

21 mm