Nycc Gross Anatomy Ii Lecture Urogenital System Development

Front 1

The urinary system primarily consists of the two _____ and the _____.

Back 1

Kidneys; Bladder

Front 2

The genital system primarily consists of the _____ _____, _____ _____, and _____ _____.

Back 2

Gonad formation; Genital Ducts; External genitalia

Front 3

3 Stages of kidney development:
1. Pronephric Kidney -> _____ duct
2. Mesonephric Kidney -> _____ tubules, _____ duct
3. Metanephric Kidney -> _____ Kidney

Back 3

1. Pronephric
2. Mesonephric, Paramesonephric
3. True

Front 4

Kidney development:
Pronephric duct + Mesonephric tubules = _____ _____

Back 4

Mesonephric duct

Front 5

During kidney development, there is downward or caudal growth and fusion with the _____ part of the _____ (cloaca).

Back 5

Terminal; Hindgut

Front 6

During kidney development, the _____ bud forms as a diverticulum from the wall of the _____ duct. It then grows into the surrounding mesenchyme that induces the formation of the _____ _____.

Back 6

Uretic; Mesonephric; Metanephric cap

Front 7

Ureters and the collecting duct system develop from the _____ _____.

Back 7

Uretic bud

Front 8

Nephrons, the functional units of the kidney, develop from the _____ _____.

Back 8

Metanephric cap

Front 9

The mesonephric duct persists as part of the _____ _____ system.

Back 9

Male genital

Front 10

The urogenital sinus forms into the _____.

Back 10

Cloaca

Front 11

The ureteric bud forms from _____ ______.

Back 11

Mesonephric duct

Front 12

The metanephric cap is formed from _____ _____.

Back 12

Intermediate mesoderm

Front 13

The filtering unit of the kidney is comprised of _____ _____ and the _____ of _____.

Back 13

Bowman's capsule; Loop of Henle

Front 14

The collecting system of the kidney is comprised of the _____ _____, the _____ _____ and the _____ _____.

Back 14

Renal pelvis; Major calyx; Minor calyx

Front 15

During week 6, the permanent kidneys develop in the caudal _____ _____.

Back 15

Abdominal cavity

Front 16

During week 6, the mesonephric kideys begin to _____.

Back 16

Degenerate

Front 17

During week 6, the permanent kidneys _____ through the abdominal cavity.

Back 17

Ascend

Front 18

Failure of the ureteric bud or cap to develop may result in _____ _____.

Back 18

Renal agenesis (kidney fails to develop)

Front 19

_____ kidney disorders, such as pelvic kidney or horseshoe kidney, are defects in kidney position and formation.

Back 19

Ectopic

Front 20

The bladder and urethra arise from the _____ (_____).

Back 20

Hindguy (cloaca)

Front 21

The bladder and urethra begin to differentiate after the _____ duct fuses with the _____ end of the cloaca; the _____ _____.

Back 21

Mesonephric; Cranial; Urogenital sinus

Front 22

The urogenital sinus is divided in half by the _____ _____.

Back 22

Urorectal septum

Front 23

The _____ is the diverticulum of the urogenital sinus that once served to collect wastes produced by the embryo and fetus before a _____ evolved.

Back 23

Allantois; Placenta

Front 24

What brings the openings of the mesonephric duct to the caudal end of the bladder?

Back 24

Extrophy

Front 25

_____ brings the mesonephric ducts to the level of the pelvic urethra and results in the ureters opening into the cranial end of the bladder.

Back 25

Extrophy

Front 26

In males, the _____ _____ becomes the prostatic and membranous urethra and the urogenital sinus becomes the penile urethra.

Back 26

Pelvic urethra

(derived from hindgut--endoderm)

Front 27

In females, the _____ _____ becomes the membranous urethra, and the urogenital sinus becomes the vestibule of the vagina.

Back 27

Pelvic urethra

(derived from hindgut--endoderm)

Front 28

In both sexes the upper two thirds of the rectum is derived from _____ and the lower one third is derived from _____.

Back 28

Endoderm; Ectoderm

Front 29

In both sexes, the transition from endoderm to ectoderm occurs around the level of the lower end of the _____ _____.

Back 29

Anal columns

Front 30

The upper two thirds of the anal column is innervated differently than the lower one third because that is where the transition from _____ to _____ occurs.

Back 30

Endoderm; Ectoderm

Front 31

Normally, the urachus (allantois) occludes to form the _____ _____ _____.

Back 31

Median umbilical ligament

Front 32

Development of the gonads:
1. Arrival of _____ _____
2. Induction of _____ _____
3. Sex _____ formation
a. Cortex
b. Medulla

Back 32

Germ cells; Gonadal ridges; Cord

Front 33

Differentiation of the female gonads:
1. The cortex develops into the _____ and the medulla _____.
2. Within the cortex, the cords proliferate and form _____ _____ that incorporate the _____ _____ cells.
3. _____ develop within the follicles.

Back 33

1. Ovaries; Degenerates
2. Primordial follicles; Primary germ
3. Oogonia

Front 34

Differentiation of the male gonads:
1. Cortical cells _____ and the medulla _____ into the sperm producing system.
2. _____ tubules will connect with the _____ tubules to link with the _____ duct.
3. Germ cells will form _____ there.

Back 34

1. Degenerate; Differentiates
2. Seminiferous; Mesonephric; Mesonephric
3. Spermatogonia

Front 35

Genital duct development:
1. Indifferent stage
a. _____ ducts (connected to bladder)
b. _____ ducts that form lateral to the _____ ducts.

Back 35

Mesonephric; Paramesonephric; Mesonephric

Front 36

Genital duct development:
1. Cranial ends of the _____ ducts open into the pelvic cavity while their caudal end grows toward the _____ _____.
2. They cross over the _____ _____ and grow toward the posterior wall of the _____ _____. This causes the sinus to swell and form the _____ _____.

Back 36

1. Paramesonephric; Urogenital sinus
2. Mesonephric ducts; Urogenital sinus; Genital tubercle

Front 37

Genital duct development (males):
1. _____ ducts regress.
2. _____ duct and tubules develop into ductus deferens, epididymis, seminal vesicles and seminiferous tubules.
3. Prostate and pelvic urethra develops in part from the _____ _____ (____) and _____.

Back 37

1. Paramesonephric
2. Mesonephric
3. Urogenital sinus (endoderm) and mesoderm

Front 38

Genital duct development (females):
1. _____ ducts degenerate and _____ ducts develop into female genital tract.
2. _____ ends open over the ovaries while the _____ ends fuse together to form the uterovaginal canal and give rise to the _____ of the uterus, _____ _____ of the uterus and upper two thirds of the _____.
3. The _____plate, which is derived from endoderm, forms the lower one third of the _____.

Back 38

1. Mesonephric; Paramesonephric
2. Cranial; Dorsal; Glands; Epithelial lining; Vagina
3. Vaginal; Vagina

Front 39

Mesoderm swellings form the cloacal _____ that surround the cloacal _____.

Back 39

Folds; Membrane

Front 40

The _____ _____ divides the urogenital sinus from the anal sinus.

Back 40

Urorectal septum

Front 41

In males, the _____ _____ forms the glans and _____ _____ swell to form the phallus (shaft). The folds fuse along the midline to complete the penile _____ while the _____ or _____ swellings form the scrotum.

Back 41

Genital tubercle; Urethral folds; Urethra; Genital or Labioscrotal

Front 42

In females, the _____ _____ forms the clitoris. _____ _____ form the labia minora while the _____ or _____ swellings form the labia majora.

Back 42

Genital tubercle; Urethral folds; Genital or Labioscrotal

Front 43

The _____ attaches to the gonads cranially and the _____ _____ caudally (scrotum or labia majora).

Back 43

Gubernaculum; Genital swellings

Front 44

Contraction of the _____ pulls the gonads into the pelvis from the posterior abdominal wall.

Back 44

Gubernaculum

Front 45

As the _____ contracts, it creates the inguinal canal.

Back 45

Gubernaculum

Front 46

The ovarian ligament, round ligament of the uterus, and labia majora are all derivatives of the _____.

Back 46

Gubernaculum