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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the signs and symptoms of NV (8)
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dry mouth,
dec. skin turgor, excessive thirst, little or no urination, dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, dec BP |
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Complications of NV?
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-Acute:
dehydration, aspiration, malnutrition, electrolyte/acid-base imbalance (major concern) Mallory-Weiss syndrome (esophageal tears that leads to blood in vomit) |
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List the exclusions for self-trt (adult). there are 16.
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1) Urine ketones or BG (blood glucose) in pts w/ Diabetes Mellitus
2) signs of food poisoning (lasts <12 hrs) 3) Severe pain in the middle/right lower quadrant (appendicitis/bowel obstruction) 4) fever/ diarrhea (infection) 5)pain in rt.upper quadrant (cholescystitis or pancreatitis) 6)Blood in vomit (ulcers, esophageal tears, or severe nosebleed) 7)Yellow skin/eye discoloration & dark urine (hepatitis) 8) Stiff neck & sensitivity to light (meningitis 9) Head injury, blurry vision, or numbness, & tingling 10) Person w/ glaucoma, BPH (benign prostatic hypertrophy), chronic bronchitis, emphysema, or asthma (may react adversely to OTC antiemetics) 11) Pregnancy (moderate-severe symptoms) or breast-feeding 12) N/V caused by cancer chemo; radiation therapy; serious metabolic disorders; CNS, GI, or endocrine disorders. 13) adverse effects of drugs used therapeutically (ex. Opiods, NSAIDS, anatibiotics, estrogens) and toxic doses of drugs (ex. Digoxin, theophylline, lithium); ethanol 15) Psychogenic-induced: bulimia, anorexia 16) Chronic disease-induced N/V: gastroparesis |
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Main exclusions for self-trt (children)
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-Signs of dehydration
-Caregiver is unable to manage child’s N/V at home -N/V is accompanied by 1 of the following conditions: o Stiff neck o vomited clear fluids 3x, watery diarrhea o Refusal to drink fluids o Lack of urination in past 8-12 hrs o Child appears legarthic, unusually sleepy, is listless, or is crying o Vomiting w/ each feeding o Vomiting is repeatedly projectile and/or has continued >8 hrs o Vomitus contains red, black, or green fluid o Vomiting is associated w/ diarrhea, distended abdomen, fever, or severe HA o vomiting occurs following a head or ab injury |
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What are the pharamcologics for treating NV? What are they called?
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They are called antiemetics.
Include: Antihistamines, antacids, H2-receptor antag, phosphorated carbohydrate soln., B6(pyridoxine), scopolamine |
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Non-pharmacologic Therapy of NV?
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1) Seaband/ Travel Aides (Acupressure wristbands) -used for motion sickness, NVP, N/V in chemo & anesthesia
=wear on wrist to prevent interference w pacemakers =Use b4 or when symptoms occur =Wear on both wrists =Cheap =Side effect: rash, allergic rxn 2) A battery-powered acustimulation band (ReliefBand NST – Nerve Stimulation Technology) – motion sickness & NVP (nonprescription), chemo & postoperative nausea (prescription) stimulate via electricity =Wear on only 1 wrist =Expensive (8x more) |
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Emesis?
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Vomiting
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Nausea?
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Vague, unpleasant feeling in the abdomen
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Regurgitation?
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Reverse transit of gastric content; stops short of oral expulsion
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Retching?
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Strong , involuntary, unsucessful attempt at vomitting
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Skin turgor?
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Resistance, elasticity of skin
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Vomiting?
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expulsion of stomach, esophageal and oropharyngeal contents from the mouth
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Warning for chamomile?
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-Depressed CNS activity (sedation)
-Allergic reaction -Antiplatelet agent |
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Ginger?
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250mg 3~4 times a day (MDD: 1g);
May cause: heart burn, bleeding, gallstone |
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B6
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Another name: pyridoxine
10-25mg 3~4/day Class A type (safe for prego) Peripheral neuropathic disturbances high dose (200-600mg) can result in porlactin secretion inhibition |
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Antihistamine, onset, type, dose, everything.
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Cetimidine: 50mg at first, then 60mg 3-4 times
Dimethydrane: 50-100mg at first (400mg MDD) Diphenhydrane: 25-50 mg for 3/4 hrs (300mg) Doxylanolin: 12.5 mg (not approved); used for NVP along wiht B6 Meclizine: 25-50mg/ 1 tablet (not very effective) Side effect: Anticholinergic effect: blurred vision, constipation, dry mouth, fluid retension, urine retension, increased BP Pychotic: phycosis, hallucination Overdose: arrythmia, siezure, pulmonary failure DO not use it with alcohol, prego, galucoma, COPD, urniary retention, Drug interaction: Metoprolol: decreased clearnace Venlafaxin: increased concentration CYP2D6: beta blocker, opiate, etc |
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Phosphorylated carbonated solution?
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Ematrol
take 15-30mL every 15 min; do not exceed 5 doses Made of fructose, dextrose, phosphoric acid (not good for diabetics) |
