Nutritional Supplementation Ch. 9

Front 1

A substance added to the diet to make up for a deficiency.

Back 1

Supplement

Front 2

Any external influences which can positively affect physical performance or mental focus.

Back 2

Ergogenic Aids

Front 3

Amitrogenous organic acid that is found in the muscle tissue in the form of phosphocreatine and supplies energy for muscle contraction.

Back 3

Creatine Monohydrate

Front 4

A compound that minmizes the breakdown of protein and damage to muscle cells.

Back 4

HMB

Front 5

A non-essential amino acid that occurs widely in proteins, blood, and other tissues.

Back 5

Glutamine

Front 6

A powerful smooth muscle relaxant involved in oxygen transport to the tissues, the transmission of nerve impulses, and other physiological activites.

Back 6

Nitric Oxide

Front 7

An amino acid that is a constituent of many proteins.

Back 7

Alanine

Front 8

A group of anti-inflammatory steroid-like compounds, such as hydrocortisone, thatare produced by the adrenal cortex.

Back 8

Glucocorticoids

Front 9

A wasting away or decrease in the size of an organ or tissue.

Back 9

Atrophy

Front 10

The formation of blood or blood cells in the living body.

Back 10

Hematopoiesis

Front 11

An amino acid abtained from the hydrolysis or digestion of protein.

Back 11

L-arginine

Front 12

Something such as a nerve or drug that causes the blood vessels in the body to become wider following the relaxation of the smooth muscle in the vessel wall.

Back 12

Vasodilator

Front 13

The pain or discomfort ofter felt 24 to 72 hrs after exercising, with subsides generally with 2 to 3 days.

Back 13

Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS)

Front 14

A class of natural and synthetic steroid hormones that promote cell growth and division, resulting in growth fo several types of tissues, especially muscle and bone.

Back 14

Androgenic Anabolic Steroids (AAS)

Front 15

Yellow dicoloration of the whites of eyes, skin, and mucous membranes caused by deposits of bile salts in these tissues, occurring as a symptom of various disease such as hepatitis, that affects the processing of bile.

Back 15

Jaundice

Front 16

Damage and development or onset of liver cancer.

Back 16

Hepatic Neoplasm and Carcimoma

Front 17

Abnormal enlargement of the male mammary glands.

Back 17

Gynecomastia

Front 18

A hormone that stimulates the growth and acivity of the gonads.

Back 18

Gonadotrophin

Front 19

An enlargement of the cardiac muscle.

Back 19

Myocardial Hypertrohy

Front 20

Diseases or disorders of the heart muscle, especially of unknown cause.

Back 20

Cardiomyopathies

Front 21

The process where a fibrin clot, the product of coagulation, is broken down.

Back 21

Fibrinolysis

Front 22

An intraglandular precursor of a hormone.

Back 22

Prohormones

Front 23

A natural steroid hormone produced from cholesterol by the adrenal glands.

Back 23

Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

Front 24

A designer anabolic steroid banned by The Food and Drug Administration.

Back 24

Tetra-hydro-gestinone

Front 25

An alkaloid ofter found in tea or coffee, and used chiefly as a stimulant.

Back 25

Caffeine

Front 26

A drug that widens the passagesof the lungs and eases breathing by relaxing bronchial smooth muscle.

Back 26

Bronchodilator

Front 27

A natural substance similar to caffeine.

Back 27

Guarana

Front 28

A dietary supplement aimed to encouraging fat loss.

Back 28

Synephrine

Front 29

A compound used as as adrenergic drug.

Back 29

Octopamine

Front 30

Breakdown of fats.

Back 30

Lipolytic Effects

Front 31

Any of various connective tissue cells found in the adipose tissue, specialized for the storage of fats.

Back 31

Adipocytes

Front 32

Any one of a group of drugs that are powerful central nervous system stimulants.

Back 32

Amphetamines

Front 33

A drug taht suppresses the appetite by altering the body's metabolism.

Back 33

Phentermine

Front 34

Comparable to amphetamine with similar effects.

Back 34

Amfepramone

Front 35

An androgenic drug that acts as a vasoconstrictor and is used as a nasal decongestant, a bronchodilator, an appetite suppressant, andmild stimulant.

Back 35

Phenylpropanolamine

Front 36

A drug used to control appetite and decrease weight.

Back 36

Mazindol

Front 37

A drug that is used in the treatment of obesity.

Back 37

Fenfluramines

Front 38

a drug that suppresses appetite by inhibiting the reuptake of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and serotonin.

Back 38

Sibutramine

Front 39

A drug that prevents the digestion and absorption of dietary fats.

Back 39

Orlistat

Front 40

A neurotansmitter formed in the brain by the decarboxylation of dopa, which is essential to the normal functioning

Back 40

Dopamine

Front 41

A substance both a hormone and neurotransmitter, secreted by the adrenal medulla and the endings of the sympathetic nervous system to cause vasoconstriction and increases in heart rate, blood pressure, and the sugar level of the blood.

Back 41

Norepinephrine

Front 42

An organic compund formed in the tissue, especially the brain, blood serum, and gastric mucous membranes, and active in vasoconstriction, stimulation of the smooth muscles, transmission of impulses between nerve cells, regulation of cyclic body processes.

Back 42

Serotonin