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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hard water
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water containing high amounts of minerals such as calcium and magnesium
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soft water
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water filtered to replace some of the minerals with sodium
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intracellular fluid
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fluid within the cells composed of water plus concentrations of potassium and phosphates
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interstitial fluid
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fluid between the cells containing concentrations of sodium and chloride
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extracellular fluid
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all fluids outside cells including: interstitial fluid, plasma, and watery components of body organs and substances.
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Insensible perspiration
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water lost invisibly thru evaporation from the lungs and skin
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solvent
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reactant
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a substance that enters into and is altered during a chemical reaction
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homeostasis
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a state of physiologic equilibrium produced by a balance of functions and of chemical composition w/in an organism
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solute
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the substance being dissolved in another substance
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antidiuretic hormone ADH
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a hormone secreted by the pituitary gland in response to low fluid levels, affects kidneys to decrease excretion of water, aka vasopressin
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aldosterone
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a hormone secreted by the adrenal gland in response to sodium levels in kidneys; affects kidneys to balance fluid levels as needed
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fluid volume deficit
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the stat in which a person experiences vascular, cellular, or intracellular dehydration
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polyuria
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excessive urination
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fluid volume excess
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the state in which a person experiences increased fluid retention and edema
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edema
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excess accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces caused by seepage from the circulatory system
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major minerals
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essential nutrient minerals required daily in amounts of 100mg or higher
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trace minerals
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essential nutrient minerals required daily in amounts less than or equal to 20mg
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parathormone
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calcitriol
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active vitamin D hormone that raises blood calcium levels
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calcitonin
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a hormone that reacts in response to high blood levels of Ca, released by the special C cells of the thyroid gland.
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Calcium rigor
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a condition of harness or stiffness of muscles when Ca levels get too high
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calcium tetany
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Hydroxyapatite
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a natural mineral structure of bones and teeth
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hypernatremia
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low [Na]
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hemoglobin
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oxygen-transporting protein in RBC
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myoglobin
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oxygen-transporting protein in muscle
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heme iron
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dietary iron found in animal foods of meat, fish and poultry.
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Nonheme iron
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dietary iron found in plants
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pica
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a condition char. By a hunger and appetite for nonfood substances
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hemosiderosis
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a condition in which too much iron is stored in the body
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hemochromatosis
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a hereditary disorder of iron metabolism char. By excessive dietary iron absorption and deposition of iron in body tissues.
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Goiter
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enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by iodine deficiency
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thyrotoxicosis
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iodine induced goiter
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fluorosis
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a condition of mottling or brown spotting of the tooth enamel caused by excessive intake of fluoride.
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