Nutrition - The Digestive System

Front 1

In terms of gaining energy from food to use for bodily processes, what is the importance of digestion?

Back 1

Food must be broken down into molecules that are small enough to pass through the digestive tract wall, into the blood and finally into the body cells.

Front 2

Given the digestive system carries out FIVE basic activities, which activity may be responsible for the following situations?

Back 2

a) Food appears in the stools as large undigested pieces? Digestion

b) Food is being digested adequately, however the individual shows deficiency signs and symptoms? Absorption

Front 3

Match up the following processes to the correct definition:
A) Catabolism
B) Metabolism
C) Anabolism

Back 3

a. Breaking down of larger molecules into smaller molecules
b. The sum total of chemical reactions in the body
c. Small molecules are put together to build larger molecules.

Front 4

Which metabolic process releases energy?

The processes of digestion and absorption are almost exclusively catabolic!

Back 4

Catabolism

True

Front 5

Regarding the two forms of digestion, which form is responsible for mixing enzymes for digestion with food?

Back 5

Mechanical digestion

Front 6

Enzymes are large protein molecules that facilitate chemical reactions?

Back 6

True

Front 7

What is the major secretion by the stomach that allows the bolus to become a semi liquid mass?

Back 7

Juices containing hydrochloric acid and other enzymes

Front 8

The major digestive function of the stomach is the partial break down of proteins via at the use of pepsin and hydrochloric acid.

Back 8

True

Front 9

As chyme leaves the stomach it bypasses an opening where two organs outside the GI tract drip their secretions.

Back 9

a) What is the location of the opening?
b) What is the name of the opening?

Common bile duct at the top of the small intestine

Front 10

a) If an individual were to be experiencing an infection or irritation of the small intestine (intestinitis), would this severely impact on the digestive capabilities of an individual more so than if another part of the digestive system were irritated?
Why? What is it about the small intestines function in digestion that would bring about this effect?

Back 10

Yes. The small intestine is the major site of absorption; hence the individual would not be able to gain sufficient nutrients from their food.

Front 11

Material moved too quickly through the large intestine may result in (i) ____________ where as material that moves too slowly may result in (ii) ________________.

Back 11

(i) Diarrhoea, (ii) constipation

Front 12

Bile is made by the (i) __________________ and stored in the (ii) _______________ until fat enters the duodenum.

Back 12

(i) Liver, (ii) gallbladder