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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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All chemical & energy transformations take place in the body is called?
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Metabolism
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Synthesis metabolism is?
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Anabolism
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Break down metabolism is called this?
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Catabolism
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The large quantities of substances needed in the body are?
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Macronutrients
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50-55% of our total calories is called the body's?
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Principal fuel
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Examples of Principal Fuels
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Polysaccharides
Disaccharides Monosaccharides |
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This is the absorptive state
is aka glucose to glycogen |
Glycogenesis
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2 processes in the postabsorptive state
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glycogenolysis &
gluconeogenesis |
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This is the breakdown postabsorptive state aka
glycogen to glucose |
Glycogenolysis
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This postabsorptive state is aka amino acids or glycerols to glucose.
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Gluconeogenesis
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These carbs are absorbed into the blood as?
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Monosaccharides (glucose, fructose, galactose)
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The four major fuels for cell respiration.
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1. Glycolysis
2. Kreb's citric acid cycle 3. Electron transport system 4. Aerobic vs. anaerobic |
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These are a secondary source of fuel that is composed of cell membranes & steroids. Provides insulation, aids nerve transmission, 30-40% of total calories.
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Lipids
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These lipids are glycerol + fatty acids and are saturated fats & cholesterol, unsaturated & polyunsaturated fats
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Triglycerides
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These are the basic building block of cells, makes enzymes, helps maintain water balance, forms hemoglobin & hormones, 15% of caloric intake.
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Proteins
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Our bodies require how many essential amino acids in our diet daily?
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20
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There are 8 amino acids that our body cannot make. Name them?
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1. Isoleucine
2. Lysine 3. Phenylalanine 4. Tryptophan 5. Leucine 6. Methionine 7. Threonine 8. Valine |
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This disorder occurs when there is inadequate protein in the diet. Prevelant in 3rd world countries. Swollen/distended belly.
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Kwashiorkor
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These nutrients are needed in small amounts in the body and are comprised of minerals & vitamins.
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Micronutrients
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Minerals are aka this which maintain fluid balance, activate metabolic reactions, help enzyme functioning. Essential components of important body chemicals.
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Inorganic Nutrients
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Vitamins are aka this and have many functions as coenzymes. There are fat soluble and water soluble.
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Organic Compounds
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Too many vitamins in diet, especially A & D which tend to build up tissues, results in hair & skin disorders, fatigue, loss of weight and death.
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Hypervitaminosis
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Lack of B12 results in?
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Pernicious Anemia
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Lack of B1 results in?
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Beriberi
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Fat soluble vitamins.
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A, D, E, & K
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Water soluble vitamins.
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B1, B2, B6, B12, & C
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This major metabolic pathway is aka the retrieval stage?
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Postabsorptive Phase
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This major metabolic pathway is aka storage?
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Absorptive Phase
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