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66 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
90 to 95% of nutrient absorption occurs in the
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first 1/2 of the small intestine
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the part of the GI tract - absorbs water and electrolytes and promotes the elimination of solid wastes
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large intestine
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For lower GI tract and accessory organs - Nutrition Therapy is used to improve or control symptoms by
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replenish losses and promote healing
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liver, gallbladder and pancreas are called ? plus the play a vital role in nutrient digestion
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accessory organs
liver, gallbladder, pancreas |
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this part of the lower GI tract - absorbs simple sugars, fat, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, water
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duodenum/jejunum
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this part of the lower GI tract absorbs - electrolytes, short chain fatty acids produced by GI Flora and water
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colon
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this part absorbs bile, vitamin B12, electrolytes , lesser amounts or vitamins and minerals and water
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lleum
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defined as fewer than 3 bowel movement per week - most common cause low fiber or high fat diet
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constipation
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nutrition therapy to treat constipation treat the cause - for most people would be to
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increase fiber and fluid
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pectin and psyllium - found in oats, legumes, and certain fruits and veggie (dissolve in water)
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soluble fibers
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cellulose found wheat bran, fruit, veggie skins (soaks up -stimulate peristalsis)
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insoluble fibers
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protect against Coronary heart disease Adequate Intake (AI) for fiber for women is 25g/day and for men
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38g /day (men)
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is a common symptom of many GI disorders and infectious diseases and is a frequent side effect of chemotherapy and radiation
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diarrhea
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is a regular diet that substitutes whole grains for refined grains
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high-fiber diet
fiber rich foods fresh fruits, veggie, dried peas, beans |
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hypokalemia
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metabolic acidosis
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example of this type of diarrhea - lactose intolerance, dumping syndrome, tube feedings, excessive intake of sorbitol or fructose
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osmotic diarrhea
(no enzyme) |
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bacterial, viral, protozoan and other infections cause
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secretory diarrhea
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goal for diarrhea
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maintaining or restoring fluid and electrolyte balance
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may help lessen diarrhea related to use of antibiotics and lactose intolerance
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probiotics
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secondary to nutrient maldigestion or from alteration
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malabsoprtion
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dietary intervention for malabsorption
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increase calories 2000-3500 and protein 1.0-1.5 g
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simple sugars glucose and galactose is absent or deficient
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lactose intolerance
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lactase is secreted this is secondary to GI disorders for ex. IBD - what lactose is more severe
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secondary lactose
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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD0 has two chronic inflammatory gi diseases are
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Crohn diseasde and ulcerative colitis
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caused by abnormal immune response between environment and ?
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genetic factors
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focus of IBD therapy for acute exacerbation of IBD is to correct
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deficiencies by nutrients in a form the patient can tolerate
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low fiber diet to min bowel stimulation - protein and calories are increased to facilitate healing
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for IBD patient
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genetic autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of proximal small intestine = assoc to certain proteins foun din wheat, barley and rye are permanent intolerance
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celiac disease
no whey, barley,rye |
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nutrition therapy for celiac disease patient
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eliminate gluten from the diet
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pure oats is
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gluten free
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occurs when the bowel is surgically shortened to extent that the remaining bowel is unable to absorb good levels of nutrients - loss of more than 50% to 70%
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Short bowel syndrome (SBS)
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patients with less than 100 to 140 cm of small bowel and no colon will likely need
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intestinal transplantation or permanent PN
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nutrition for SBS may be provided several different combinations
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oral diet with PN or EN or PN with EN
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one of the most frequently diagnosed digestive disorders in a functional bowel disorder
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Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
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is the condition which diverticula form with the intestinal lumen, most commonly in the sigmoid colon
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Diverticulosis
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excessive bacterial growth in the stomach or small intestine that impairs digestion and absorption may be caused by low gastric acidity
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bacterial overgrowth
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diverticulitis recommendation for diet
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high fiber
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surgically created opening (stoma) on the surface of the abdomen from the ileum
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lleostomy
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surgically created from colon
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colostomy
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flowing discharge
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effluent
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usually from treatment of severe IBD, intestinal lesions, obstructions or colon cancer
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ileostomy and colostomy
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highly active organ in metabolism of almost all nutrients
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liver
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fat accumulation in the liver with inflammation
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steatoheptitis
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inflammation of the liver caused by viral, alcohol, hepatotoxic
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hepatitis
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liver disease
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cirrhosis
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CNS advanced liver disease - short term memory loss and impaired ability to concentrate
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hepatic encephalopathy
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most frequent causes of hepatitis are
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hep a, b, c
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what does each hep a b c
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hep a = food
hep b = finger stick |
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nutrition therapy for liver disease patient increase calories and protein - protein should be increase to
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1.0 to 1.2
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vitamin and mineral are needed along with high calorie and high protein diet
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liver disease patient
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is a treatment option for patients with sever and irreversible liver disease
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liver transplantation
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EN support is used if the patient tis unable to consume adequate amount of nutrition for
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5 to 7 days in liver transplantation patient
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is responsible for secreting enzymes needed to digest carbs, protein and fat
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pancreas
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pancreas also produces insulin therefore people with pancreatitis may also develop
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hyperglycemia
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70% cases of acute pancreatitis are caused by
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alcohol abuse and gallstones
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these serum level will be elevated with pancreatitis
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amylase and lipase
note: lipase break down fat |
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risk factors for Chronic pancreatitis are
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alcohol abuse and cigarette
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mildly low fat diet and high protein
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CP diet
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nutrition therapy goal is to maintain weight, reduce steatorrhea, min pain, avoid acute attacks while meeting the patient's nutrient needs are all therapy of
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Chronic pancreatitis
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role in digestion is to store and release bile which prepares fat for digestion
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gallbladder
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formation of gallstones
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cholelithiasis
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inflammation of the gallbladder
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cholecystitis
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consists of the small and large intestines, rectum, and anus
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lower GI tract
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liquid or soft diet is recommended if regular textured foods irritate esophageal
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varices
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primary concern with people with ileostomies and colostomies are
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fluid and electrolytes
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this type of diet - may offer the most significant and sustained improvement in IBS syndrome
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low-FODMAP
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