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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Transketolase |
Enzyme whose functional component is thiamin pytophosphate. Converts glucose to sugars. TPP is a coenzyme for this |
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Peripheral neuropathy |
Problem caused by damage to the nerves outside the spinal cord and brain. Symptoms-numbness, weakness, tingling, burning pain |
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Beriberi |
Weakness, muscle pain, heart enlargement, difficulty breathing, edema, anorexia, weight loss, poor memory, and confusion |
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Dry beriberi |
Symptoms related to nervous and muscular systems |
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Wet beriberi |
Cardiovascular system. Heart is big and breathing is hard |
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Congestive heart failure |
Condition resulting from severely weakened heart muscle, resulting in ineffective pumping of blood. This leads to fluid retention, especially in the lungs. Symptoms-fatigue, difficulty breathing, leg and ankle swelling |
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Infantile beriberi |
Happens when breast milk doesn't have thiamin. Causes heart problems, convulsions, and death |
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Wernicke-korsakoff syndrome |
Lack of thiamin that results in change in vision, ataxia, confusion, and apathy. Common in alcoholics |
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Ataxia |
Inability to coordinate muscle activity during voluntary movement. Incoordination |
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Riboflavin coenzymes |
Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) |
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Succinate dehydrogenase |
Oxidized succinate to fumarate |
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Fatty acyl dehudrogenase |
FA breakdown (beta oxidation) to acetyl-CoA requires FAD |
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Flavin mononucleotide |
Shuttles H+ into the electron transport chain Needed for formation of vitamin B-6 coenzyme |
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Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) |
Required for transforming tryptophan to niacin Needed for synthesis of folate metabolite 5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate |
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Glutathione reductase |
FAD-containing enzyme that's involved in synthesis of antioxidant glutathione |
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Ariboflavinosis |
Riboflavin deficiency that affects the mouth, skin, and rbcs Symptoms-inflammation of throat, mouth, and tongue; cracking if tissues around corners of the mouth and moist, red, scaly skin |
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Pellegra |
Niacin deficiency disease |
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2 niacin forms |
Nicotinic acid Nicotinamide |
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Niacin coenzyme |
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH+) |
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Amount of tryptophan needed to make 1 mg of niacin |
60 mg |
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Protein to tryptophan ratio |
1 g protein-->10 mg tryptophan |
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NAD+ in anaerobic conditions |
It's regenerated when pyruvate's converted to lactate |
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NADH +H+ in aerobic conditions |
Donates electrons and H+ to acceptor molecules in the electron transport chain |
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3 Ds of pellagra |
Dermatitis Diarrhea Dementia |
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Pharmaceutical uses of niacin |
Increases HDL and losers triglyceride levels |
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Pantothenic acid |
In every body cell. Part of CoA |
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CoA componenets |
Pantothenic acid+ADP+part of cycsteine |
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CoA |
Needed for beta-oxidation of FA |
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Acyl carrier protein |
Pantothenic acid forms part of it. It moves FA through metabolic pathways and increases chain length |
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Biocytin |
Biotin bound to the amino acid lysin in food proteins |
