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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Emulsifier is a substance that works by being soluble what?
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in water and fat at the same time.
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Essential fatty acids (EFAs) are polyunsaturated fatty acids that _____ be made in the body and must be ______in the diet.
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Can't, consumed
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Adipose tissue is the what?
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stored form of fat (mainly triglycerides) in the body
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triglycerides the largest class of lipids found in food and body fat; composed of 3 _______and 1______ molecule.
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fatty acids, glycerol
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Hydrogenation
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breaking a double bond on a fatty acid carbon chain and saturating it with hydrogen.
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Saturated fatty acid
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a fatty acid with carbon chains completely saturated or filled with hydrogen
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Polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)
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a fatty acid containing two or more double bonds on the carbon chain.
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Linoleic acid
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an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid with the 1st double bond located a the 6th carbon atom from the omega end.
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Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)
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the main omega-3 fatty acid in fish.
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phospholipids
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lipid compounds that form part of cell walls and act as a fat emulsifier.
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Sterols
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fatlike class of lipids that serve vital functions in the body
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chylomicrons
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the first lipoproteins formed after absorption of _______from food.
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Acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl CoA) important intermediate byproduct in _______formed from the breakdown of___________, fatty acids and certain amino acids.
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metabolism glucose
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TCA cycle (tricarboxylic acid)aka krebs cycle cellular reactions that liberate ______from fragments of, __________fats, and proteins
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energy, carbohydrates
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Ketosis a condition in which the absence of plasma ______results in partial_____ of fatty acids and the formation of excessive amount of ketones.
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glucose oxidation
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Lipogenesis
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anabolism (synthesis) of lipids
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adrenocorticotropic hormone ACTH
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an adrenal cortex hormone that stimulates secretion of more hormones.
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Glucocorticoid
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an adrenal cortex hormone that affects food metabolism.
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Cis fatty acids
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in natural oil
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trans fatty acids
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caused by hydrogenated unsaturated oils
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very low density lipoproteins (VLDL's)
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lipoproteins that carry fats and cholesterol to body cells and are made of the largest proportions of cholesterol.
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Low-density lipoproteins (LDL's)
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lipoproteins that carry fats and cholesterol to body cells and are made of the large proportions of cholesterol.
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High-density lipoproteins (HDL's)
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lipoproteins that carry fats and cholesterol from body cells to the liver and are made of large proportions of proteins.
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Plaque
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deposits of fatty substances, including cholesterol, that attach to arterial walls
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artherosclerosis accumulation of plaques that result in what?
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blockage in the arteries
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Macrophages cells that are able to surround, engulf, and_______microorganisms and cellular debris, big scavenger cells.
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digest
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Linolenic acid
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an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid with the 1st double bond located at the 3rd carbon atom from the omega end.
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monounsaturated fatty acid
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a fatty acid containing a carbon chain with one unsaturated double bond.
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