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48 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which coenzymes function primarily in energy metabolism?
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Thiamin
RIboflavin Vitamin B6 niacin pantothenic acid biotin |
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Which coenzymes function primarily in cell regeneration and red blood cell synthesis?
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Folate
Vitamin B12 |
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Sources of Thiamin? (Vitamin B1)
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Pork
sunflower seeds beans whole or enriched grains |
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What characterizes Thiamin (Vit B1) deficiency?
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Beriberi: muscle wasting, nerve damage
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What vitamin deficiency is beriberi associated with?
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Thiamin (B1)
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What vitamin assists in DNA and RNA production and synthesis or neurotransmitters?
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Thiamin (B1)
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What vitamin is involved in oxidation - reduction reactions?
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Riboflavin (B2)
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Good sources of riboflavin? (B2)
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Milk
Enriched foods Meat |
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What vitamin is light-sensitive?
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Riboflavin (B2)
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What characterizes RIboflavin (B2) deficiency?
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Ariboflavinosis: sore throat, swollen mucous membranes
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What are two forms of Niacin (B3)?
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Nicotinic acid
Nicotinamide |
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What vitamin is required for oxidation-reduction reactions of carbs, proteins, and fats?
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Niacin (B3)
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What vitamin can be made from the amino acid tryptophan?
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Niacin (B3)
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Good sources of Niacin (B3)?
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Meat
Fish Poultry Enriched breads and cereals |
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What characterizes a deficiency of Niacin (B3)?
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Pellagra
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What vitamin is a coenzyme in amino acid metabolism and gluconeogenesis?
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Vitamin B6 (Pyroxidine)
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What are good sources of Vitamin B6 (Pyroxidine)?
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Meat
Fish Poultry Enriched Cereals Starchy Vegetables |
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What characterizes toxicity of Vitamin B6 (Pyroxidine)?
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Nerve Damage
Skin Lesions |
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What characterizes deficiency of Vitamin B6 (Pyroxidine)?
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Skin damage
Blood damage Nerve tissue damage |
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What vitamin is essential for fatty acid metabolism?
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Pantothenic Acid
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What vitamin is required for synthesizing cholesterol, steroids, and detoxification of drugs?
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Pantothenic Acid
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What are good sources of pantothenic acid?
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Chicken
Beef Egg yolk Potatoes Oat cereals Tomato products |
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What are the adverse effects of high intake of pantothenic acid?
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there are none
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What vitamin do people rarely have deficiencies of?
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Pantothenic Acid
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What nutrient is a coenzyme for fatty acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis?
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Biotin
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What is biotin used for the metabolism of?
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Carbs, Fat, and Protein
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Consumption of egg whites in large amounts over time has shown deficiency of what?
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Biotin
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What vitamin-like substance functions in fat and cholesterol metabolism/transport?
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Choline
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What vitamin-like substance functions in homocysteine metabolism?
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Choline
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Cholin deficiency leads to what?
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Fat accumulation in the liver
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What are good sources of iodine?
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Saltwater fish
Iodized salt |
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Excess of what nutrient interferes with thyroid function?
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Iodine
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What is a goiter?
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Enlarged thyroid gland
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What is cretinism and what are its symptoms?
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IDD (iodine deficiency disorder): mental retardation and stunted growth
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What is hypothyroidism and what are its symptoms?
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IDD (Iodine deficiency disorder):
decreased body temperature cold intolerance weight gain fatigue sluggishness |
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Hyperthyroidism is caused by what disease?
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Graves' disease
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Functions of chromium?
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Transport glucose to cells from blood
RNA and DNA metabolism Immune function and growth |
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Deficiency of chromium leads to what?
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Cell glucose uptake inhibited. Causes a rise in blood glucose and insulin levels
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Manganese is a cofactor in what? (4)
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Carb, fat, protein metabolism
Gluconeogenesis Cholesterol synthesis Urea formation |
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What nutrient is a part of the antioxidant superoxide dismutase?
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Manganese
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What antioxidant is manganese a part of?
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Superoxide dismutase
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What are good sources of manganese?
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Whole-grain foods
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What are symptoms of manganese toxicity?
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Nervous system impairment leading to spasms and tremors
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What mineral is a component of thiamin and biotin?
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Sulfur
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What mineral is a component of the amino acids methionine and cysteine?
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Sulfur
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What is sulfur's function in the liver?
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Alcohol detoxification
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Sulfur assists in the balance of what?
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Acid-base
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Where can sulfur be obtained in the diet?
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Dietary proteins
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