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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Nutrition?
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Nutrition is the science of food and how the body utilizes it.
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What are the "top 3" diseases that are related too nutrition?
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1. Heart Disease
2. Cancer 3. Stroke |
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What are "chronic diseases" that are affected by nutrition?
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1. Heart Disease/Hypertension
2. Cancers 3. Diabetes Mellitus 4. Strokes |
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What is the definition of "genome"?
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It is the full complement of genetic material in the chromosomes of a cell.
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What is the definition of "DNA"?
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It is the material that encodes genetic information in its structure.
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What would the completion of the human genome allow for?
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It would allow for greater control over health and disease. Also, allows for an increased understanding of the interactions between a persons genetic make up and the nutrients in the body.
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What two things can cause disease?
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Hereditary and Nutrition.
Also, it can be a combination of both. |
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What is overnutrition?
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Overnutrition is:
1. An excess of kilocalories 2. An excess of total fat and saturated fat 3. An excess of sugar 4. An excess of sodium 5. An excess of alcohol |
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What is undernutrition?
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Undernutrition is a lack of:
1. Iron 2. Fiber 3. "Healthy fats" 4. Vitamin A, C, E and D 5. Zinc 6. Phosphorous |
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Name 5 factors which affect diet.
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Hunger, Availability, Time, Preference and Money all affect diet.
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What are the catagories of nutrients?
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The catagories of nutrients are: Water, Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals.
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What are calories?
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Calories are units of energy. Their actual term is "kcalorie" or "kilocalorie". They are used to measure energy in food.
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What are the five "ABC" principles to a nutritious diet?
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The five "ABC" principles are: Variety, Moderation, Calorie Control, Balance and Adequacy.
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What are "nutrient dense" foods?
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Nutrient dense foods have high levels of essential nutrients with relatively low levels of kilocalories.
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What are "empty calorie" foods?
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Empty calorie foods have low levels of essential nutrients with high levels of kilocalories.
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What are the sub-catagories of vegatables?
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The sub-catagories of vegatables are: deep green; orange; legumes; starch; vitamin A, C, Folate and Potassium; Vitamin A; Folate, Potassium, Iron and Protein; Carbohydrate; Vitamin C; Folate and Potassium.
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What do the "good" fruits contain?
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The "good" fruits contain: Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Potassium and Fiber.
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What do the "good" vegatables contain?
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The "good" vegatables contain: Folate, Vitamin A, Vitamin C. Magnesium, Potassium and Fiber.
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What do "good" grains contain?
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"Good" grains contain: Folate, Riacin, Riboflavin, Thiamin, Iron, Magnesium and Fiber.
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What does "good" meat/poultry contain?
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"Good" meat/poultry contains: Protein, Niacin, Thiamin, Vitamin B, Iron, Magnesium and Zinc.
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What does "good" milk/yogurt contain?
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"Good" milk/yogurt contains: Protein, Riboflavin, Vitamin B, Calcium, Magnesium and Potassium.
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What do "good" oils contain?
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"Good" oils contain: Vitamin E, needed fatty acids and a lot of calories.
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What are the serving sizes for the grain group?
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1. 1 slice of bread
2. 1/2 bagel or bun 3. 3/4 cup cold cereal 4. 1/2 cup hot cereal/pasta |
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What are the serving sizes in the fruit group?
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1. 1 medium piece of fruit
2. 1/2 cup REAL fruit juice 3. 1/2 cup canned fruit 4. 1/4 cup dried fruit |
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What are the serving sizes in the vegatable group?
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1. 1 cup raw leafy vegatables
2. 1/2 cup cook or raw vegatables 3. 1/2 cup vegatable juice 4. 1/2 cup cooked legumes |
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What are the serving sizes in the milk group?
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1. 1 cup milk or yogurt
2. 2 oz processed cheese 3. 1.5 oz natural cheese 4. 1 1/2 cup ice-cream |
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What are the serving sizes in the meat/fish/poultry group?
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1. 2-3 oz meat/fish/poultry
2. 1/2-3/4 cup legumes 3. 2-3 eggs 4. 2-3 Tablespoons PB |
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What are the equivilants to 1 Ounce of meat?
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1. 1 oz nuts/seeds
2. 1/4 cup legumes 3. 1 egg 4. 1 Tablespoon PB |
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What are the underlying concepts of the Dietary Guideline?
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1. AIM for fitness
2. BUILD a healthy base 3. CHOOSE sensibly |
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What is nutritional genomics?
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It is the intergration of nutrition, genomic science, and molecular biology.
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What are energy yielding nutrients?
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Energy yielding nutrients contain energy that the body can use. Carbohydrates, fats and proteins are energy yielding nutrients.
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What are essential nutrients?
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Without essential nutrients, your body can develop deficiencies.
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What are dietary supplments?
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Dietary supplements are "pills, liquids, or powders that contain purified nutrients or other ingredients."
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What are phytochemicals?
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They are "nonnurtient compounds in plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the body."
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What are functional foods?
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Functional foods are "foods known to possess nutrients or nonnutrients that might lend protection against diseases."
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What are staple foods?
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Staple foods are "used frequently or daily."
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What are nutraceutical foods?
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"This sometimes refers to foods that have medicinal effects."
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What is discretionary calorie allowance?
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It helps people to control calories and prevent unhealthy weight gain.
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