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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three major components in nutrition? |
Water Macronutrients- carbs, protein, lipids Micronutrients - vitamins and minerals |
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Give an example of a simple and a complex carbohydrates |
Complex carb- bread, pasta, rice Simple- fruit, sugar, soft drink |
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What are the four types of lipids and give examples |
Animal sources- meat, eggs, dairy Plant sources- chocolate, soy, corn Essential fatty acids--fish oil, soyoils Cholesterol/transfats- organ meats, egg yolks |
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Provide an example of a complete and incomplete protein |
Complete-meat, eggs, milk Incomplete- legumes, nuts, seeds |
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What are the three groups of Micronutrients? |
Vitamins--organic molecules Minerals--inorganic salts or 7 major minerals Trace minerals - iron, zinc, copper, cobalt. |
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Define metabolism |
Chemical process of converting food into energy |
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Define: anabolism |
Build complex molecules from smaller molecules |
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Define: catabolism |
Opposite of anabolism Breaks down complex molecules into simple |
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What is total metabolic rate? What are the three components? |
Total energy used for all body activities. 1. Energy for homeostatic mechanisms (60%) also called basal metabolic rate. 2. Energy for physical activity (30%) 3. Energy for digestion/metabolism (10%) |
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Approx how many kilojoules or calories does the average male and female need to consume? |
Female 8000kj =1900calories Male 11000kj = 2600 calories |
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What are the three ways energy moves a cell? |
Transport Mechanical Chemical |
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Explain the basic steps in cellular respiration (breakdown of glucose) |
1) glycolysis begins in cytoplasm (no oxygen required) 2)glucose converted to pyruvate forming small amounts of atp 3)Krebbs cycle/citric acid cycle begins (requires oxygen) within the mitochondria 4) pyruvate converts into Acetyl CoA requires small amounts of atp 5) electron transport chain (requires oxygen) combines H atom with O2 to produce water and lots of atp |
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What is the dynamic catabolic/anabolic state? |
The Breakdown, building, consuming and producing organic molecules |
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What is the anabolic state? What is the catabolic state? |
Post meal, anabolism state increased up to 4 hours during large nutrient absorbtion. Catabolic state or post absorbing state no food is being digested uses the body reserves for supply. |
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What happens during anabolism? |
Risigg blood glucose causes release of insulin, binds with body cells and stimulates cell to take glucose from blood. |
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What three factors are proteins essential for production? |
Hormones Hemoglobin Clotting |
