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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Smoking has been shown to decrease what vitamin?
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Vitamin C
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waist circumference above ___ for men is bad and above ____ for woman is bad.
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40" and 35"
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What is the Hamwi method of calculating weight?
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Female: 100lbs for 5' then 5lbs for every 1" after that
Male: 106lbs for 5' then 6lbs for every 1" after that |
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BMI
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Weight (kg)/ Height (m)
2.2lbs=1kg |
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BMI
Underweight Normal Overweight Obese severely Obese |
< 18.5
18.5-24.9 25-30 30-40 40+ |
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How do you figure out your estimated Cal needs?
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Harris-benedict Equation
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An average person needs _____Kcal a day.
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2500
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How many grams of protein does one need a day?
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0.8/kg of body weight
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how many grams of protein does a burn victim need per day?
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2.5grams/kg of body weight
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What does enteral mean?
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To feed through the mouth or NG tube
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What does parenteral mean?
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Through a central line or Intravenous
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Which type of fiber increases the bulk of stool?
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Type I (wheat)
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Which type of fiber decreases LDL?
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Type II (oats, fruits, vegetables)
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Which drugs interfere with Folate absorption or metablosim?
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Phenytoin, Phenobarbital, Methotrexate, bactrium
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A pregnant woman that is deficient in ______ has an increase risk of having a baby with a nural tube defect.
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Folate
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Folate and B12 are need for?
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RBC production and DNA synthesis
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Unlike folate, Vitamin B12 is also needed for?
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Nerve function
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Where and how much vitamin B12 is stored in the body?
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Liver- It would take 3-5 years t o exhaust the stored B12 in the body
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B12 is also called?
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cobalamin
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B6 is also called?
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Pyridoxine
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Pyridoxine deficiency can be seen in patients taking?
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Isoniazid
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What is the connection between cobalamine, pyroxidine, and folate to homocysteine levels?
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they all help to break down homocysteine. Increased HC levels have shown to increase the risk of atherosclrotic diseases
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Niacin deficiency can cause?
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Dermatitis, dementia, Death, diarrhea-Pellegra
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Vitamin B3 is also called?
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Niacin
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Niacin can be synthesized from what AA?
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Tryptophan
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What happens in a Vitamin A deficiency?
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Night Blindness. The photoreceptors of the retina requires Vit A
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Vitamin B1 is also called?
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Thiamine
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Who is deficient in Thiamine?
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Alcoholics
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Wet beriberi affects the
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heart; it is sometimes fatal, as it causes a combination of heart failure and weakening of the capillary walls, which causes the peripheral tissues to become edematous.
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Dry beriberi affect the
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peripheral nerves. It is also referred to as endemic neuritis
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Wernicke encephalopathy
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is a syndrome characterised by ataxia, ophthalmoplegia, confusion, and impairment of short-term memory.[1][2] It is caused by lesions in the medial thalamic nuclei, mammillary bodies
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Korsakoff's syndrome
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Person has anterograde(loss of memory after the event) and retrograde amnesia (loss of memory before the event)
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Vitamin C is also called?
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Ascorbic Acid
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excess vitamin E can cause
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Increase bleeding time
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How much fiber should one get a day?
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30 grams increased slowly over many days
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