Nutrition 1

Front 1

Food energy

Back 1

Sunlight and Photosynthesis

Front 2

Hydroelectric energy

Back 2

Sunlight-driven water cycle

Front 3

Fossil Fuels

Back 3

Stored deposits of plant energy

Front 4

Wind energy

Back 4

Solar-driven weather

Front 5

Nuclear energy

Back 5

Products of former stars (supernova)

Front 6

Energy is the...

Back 6

Capacity to do work

Front 7

1 calorie = ?

Back 7

amount of energy required to raise 1 ml of water at 15 degrees celsius by 1 degree

Front 8

Kilocalorie

Back 8

1000 cal.

Front 9

Joule is?

Back 9

mechanical work: amount of energy required to accelerate 1 N a distance of 1m

Front 10

1kcal= ? kJ

Back 10

4.184kJ

Front 11

Calorimeter

Back 11

Measures heat energy released during combustion

Front 12

3 components of Total Energy Expenditure (TEE)

Back 12

1) Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR)

2) Thermic Effect of Food (TEF)

3) Activity Thermogenesis (AT)

Front 13

Resting Metabolic Rate

Back 13

energy required for basic body requirements - Varies by envronment

Front 14

Thermic effect of Food

Back 14

energy associated with consumption, digestion and absorption of each food

Front 15

Activity Thermogenesis

Back 15

Energy expended in physical activity

Front 16

Basal Metabolic Rate

Back 16

Minimum amount of energy expended that is compatible with life - thermonuclear environment.

Front 17

BMR uses what variables?

Back 17

weight, height, gender

Front 18

Resting Metabolic Rate

Back 18

Energy expended in the activities necessary to sustain normal body functions and homeostasis

(i.e.respiration, circulation, CNS etc.)

Higher than BMR

Front 19

What affects RMR

Back 19

body size, composition, climate, gender, hormonal status, and temperature

Front 20

Harris Benedict Equation

Back 20

BMR x activity factor

to determine total daily energy expenditure

Front 21

BMR x 1.2

Back 21

Sedentary

Front 22

BMR x 1.375

Back 22

Lightly active (1-3 days/week)

Front 23

BMR x 1.55

Back 23

Moderately active (3 to 5 days/week)

Front 24

BMR x 1.725

Back 24

Very Active ( 6 to 7 days/week)

Front 25

BMR x 1.9

Back 25

Extra Active

Front 26

Mifflin-St Jeor Equation

Back 26

Most accurate for normal people.

Front 27

Bomb Calorimeter

Back 27

Measures the total energy available from food

Front 28

Calories per gram of fat

Back 28

9

Front 29

Calories per gram of CHO

Back 29

4

Front 30

Calories per gram of protein

Back 30

4

Front 31

Calories per gram of alcohol

Back 31

7

Front 32

Major Functions of Water

Back 32

1) Structural for cells

2) Structure and function of circulatory system

3) Transport media for nutrients

4) Maintains physical & chemical constancy of intra and extracellular fluids

5) Maintains body temp.

6) Movement controlled by osmotic forces

Front 33

Hypothalamic control of water

Back 33

Via antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and various baroreceptors throughout the vascular system

Front 34

Oncotic Pressure

Back 34

osmotic pressure exerted by proteins in the blood plasma that usually pulls water into the circulatory system

Front 35

What fraction of water is Intracellular Fluid

Back 35

2/3

Front 36

Edema

Back 36

abnormal accumulation of fluid in intercellular tissue spaces or body cavities

Front 37

What fraction of water is Extracellular Fluid

Back 37

1/3

Front 38

What are the various fractions of ECF

Back 38

Plasma (1/5 of ECF)

Interstitial Fluid (4/5)

Transcellular fluid

Front 39

Water requirements for adults

Back 39

1ml/kcal

Front 40

Water requirements for infants

Back 40

1.5 ml / kcal

Front 41

Female water requirements

Back 41

2-3 L

Front 42

Male water requirements

Back 42

3-4 L

Front 43

When would we need to increase our water?

Back 43

Climate

Diuretics

Exercise

Medications