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17 Cards in this Set
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Actual |
The part of the formula of any product, containing several ingredients, which refers to a specific ingredient. For example, a five-pound box of general purpose plant food 10-10-10 would have 10% nitrogen, 10% phosphate, and 10% potash, 10% of five lbs. is 1/2 pound. Therefore, the actual content of the three major ingredients in the mixture is 1/2 pound each. |
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Broadcasting |
Scattering a material such as fertilizer or seed evenly over a soil surface. |
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Chlorosis |
Lack of green in a leaf, caused by nutritional failure or disease. It is most frequently caused by lack of a plant’s ability to take up iron. In severe cases the entire leaf except the veins turns yellow. Often there is enough iron in the soil, but it is not available to the plant. Lowering the soil pH or using a chelate with iron will help correct most chlorotic conditions. |
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Drip Line |
A line drawn around a tree directly under the outermost ends of its branches, the point at which rain water drips off. Term is used in connection with watering and fertilizing trees. |
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Fertilizer |
A material which provides one or more mineral nutrients in forms which can be used by growing plants. The term generally refers to materials of organic or inorganic origin that are known to increase nitrogen, phosphate, and potash (potassium) when added to soil or dissolved in water. |
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Foliar Feeding |
The process of applying mineral nutrients to plant foliage and stems with soluble fertilizers. |
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Lime |
Generally, the term lime is applied to ground limestone, which is used as an amendment to reduce the acidity of acid soils. Dolomitic lime has magnesium carbonate and will supply some magnesium for the growing plant. |
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Manure |
Organic material excreted from animals, used as fertilizer to enrich the soil. |
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Micro |
Prefix meaning small |
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Nitrogen |
Nitrogen is one of the most essential of all plant nutrients obtained from the soil. If the supply of nitrogen is good, foliage is green, and the plant flourishes. Insufficient nitrogen is indicated by yellowing leaves and stunted growth. Too much nitrogen may cause excessive growth, making plants more susceptible to frost and disease. A fertilizer that is rich in nitrogen can be added to the soil or a crop (e.g., clover, cowpeas and other legumes) which absorbs nitrogen from the air and returns it to the soil can be sown (see fertilizer, N-P-K). |
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N-P-K |
The symbols for the big three nutrients needed by plants. N is for nitrogen, P is for phosphate, and K is for potash. The percent of each element in a package or bottle of fertilizer is always shown in N-P-K order. Thus a 16-16-8 fertilizer is 16 percent nitrogen, 16 percent phosphate, and 8 percent potash. In addition to the above elements, plants need calcium, magnesium, and sulfur in relatively large amounts. Needed in trace amounts are iron, manganese, boron, zinc, copper, chlorine, and molybdenum. |
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Phosphate |
Term for compounds of phosphorus, the second of three major plant nutrients listed in the fertilizer grade N-P-K required for plant growth |
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Plant Nutrient |
One of the 16 chemical elements currently known as essential to plant growth |
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Potash |
The third of three major plant nutrients listed in the fertilizer grade N-P-K essential for plant growth. Also refers to potassium carbonate, obtained from wood ashes. |
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Side Dressing |
Fertilizers applied close enough to a plant so that it’s root zone is provided with plant food. Commercial fertilizers should be scattered in a hollow trench parallel to a row or in a circle around a hill, and thoroughly watered. |
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Top-dressing |
The application of topsoil, fertilizer, compost, or mulch material to the surface without mixing in. |
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Trace elements |
Minute quantities of mineral nutrients present in soil that are as vital to plant life as are the major nutrients. Copper, iron, manganese, and zinc |
Copper, iron, manganese, and zinc |
