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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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carbohydrate is chemically composed of |
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen |
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monosaccharides (3) |
glucose, fructose, galactose |
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polysaccharides (3) |
starch, glycogen, most fibers |
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glucose is a _____ |
monosaccharide |
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glucose is essential for ______ |
brain and red blood cells |
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monosaccharide + monosaccharide = |
disaccharide |
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polysaccharides are a ______ kind of carb |
complex |
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soluble fibers (3) |
pectins, gums, mucliage |
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insoluble fibers (3) |
cellulose, lignin, hemicellulose |
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recommended fiber (men & women) |
men: 38 grams/day women: 35 grams/day |
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primary function of carbs: |
provide energy |
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where are carbohydrates stored: |
glycogen |
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blood glucose levels _____ after eating |
rise |
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insulin is secreted when blood glucose levels are ______ |
high |
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glucagon is secreted when blood glucose levels are ________ |
low |
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disease where blood glucose levels rise due to lack of insulin |
diabetes mellitus |
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hyperglycemia: |
high blood glucose |
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hypoglycemia: |
low blood glucose |
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diabetes: |
inability to regulate blood glucose levels (causes hyperglycemia) |
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what is the glycemic index (GI) |
numeric value that indicates the potential of food to increase blood glucose and insulin |
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lipids are ______ in water |
insoluble |
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triglycerides are the main form of _____ in the body |
fat |
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functions of fluids (4) |
protect and lubricate body tissues dissolve and trasport substances account for blood volume help maintain body temp |
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functions of electrolytes (3) |
help regulate fluid balance help nerves respond to stimuli signal our muscles to contract |
