Nurx 212 Health Differences Across Ls 2

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BRAINSTEM

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RELAY CENTER FOR NERVOUS INPUT. RESPONSIBLE FOR MOTOR REFLEX ACTIONS.

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CEREBRUM

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RECEIVES AND PROCESSES CONSCIOUS SENSATION, GENERATES THOUGHT, CONTROLS CONSCIOUS ACTIVITY.

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CEREBELLUM

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COORDINATES VOLUNTARY SKELETAL MUSCLE MOVEMENT; MAINTAINS BALANCE.

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PHARMACODYNAMICS

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REFERS TO CHANGES/EFFECTS THE DRUG HAS ON A PERSON ON A LARGE-SCALE BEHAVIORAL BASIS AND ON MOLECULAR LEVEL.

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PHARMACOKINETICS

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STUDY OF BODILY ABSORPTION, DISTRIBUTION, METABOLISM AND EXCRETION OF DRUGS.

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FIRST GENERATION ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS

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BLOCK THE DOPAMINE RECEPTOR, THUS REDUCING THE AMOUNT OF DOPAMINE TRANSMITTED.

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DOPAMINE BLOCKAGE

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CAN CAUSE PARKINSONIAN SYMPTOMS, AKINESIA, AKATHISIA, AND TARDIVE DYSKINESIA.

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AKINESIA

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LOSS OR IMPAIRMENT OF VOLUNTARY ACTIVITY.

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AKATHISIA

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CONDITION CHARACTERIZED BY UNCONTROLLABLE MOTOR RESTLESSNESS.

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TARDIVE DYSKINESIA

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NEUROLOGICAL DISORDER. CAUSES INVOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS ESP. OF MOUTH, TONGUE, TRUNK AND LIMBS. SE OF PROLONGED USE OF ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS.

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MUSCARINE BLOCKAGE

(SE OF 1ST GENERATION DRUGS)

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CAN CAUSE BLURRED VISION, DRY MOUTH, CONSTIPATION, AND URINARY DIFFICULTY.

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ALPHA 1 BLOCKAGE

(SE OF 1ST GENERATION DRUGS)

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CAN RESULT IN ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION AND FAILURE TO EJACULATE.

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CLOZAPINE (CLOZARIL)

(atypical antipsychotic)

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BLOCKS DOPAMINE RECEPTORS IN LIMBIC SYSTEM. ANTIPSYCHOTIC ACTION WITHOUT DIFFICULTIES IN MOVEMENT.

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SE OF CLOZAPINE

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DIZZINESS, TACHYCARDIA, HYPER SALIVATION, DROWSINESS/SEDATION, CONVULSIONS, DEATH RELATED TO REDUCTION OF WHITE BLOOD CELLS.

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RISPERIDONE (RISPERDAL)


(atypical antipsychotic)

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BLOCKS ALPHA 1 & HISTAMINE1 RECEPTORS. CAUSES MINIMUM OF MOVEMENT DIFFICULTIES.

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SE OF RISPERIDONE (RISPERDAL)

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ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION, SEDATION, DOES NOT GENRALLY INDUCE AGRANULOCYTOSIS OR CONVULSIONS.

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QUETIAPINE (SEROQUELL)


(atypical antipsychotic)

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BINDS TO AND ANTAGONIZES D1, D2, 5-HT1, 5-HT2, ALPHA 1

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SE OF QUETIAPINE (SEROQUELL)

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SEDATION & WEIGHT GAIN, BLURRED VISION, DRY MOUTH, CONSTIPATION, URINARY DIFFICULTY, ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION AND FAILURE TO EJACULATE.

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OLANZAPINE (ZYPREXA)


(atypical antipsychotic)

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BLOCKS DOPAMINE RECEPTORS IN LIMBIC SYSTEM.

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SE OF OLANZAPINE (ZYPREXA)

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SIGNIFICANT WEIGHT GAIN

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LITHIUM

(MOOD STABILIZING DRUG)

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BIPOLAR DISORDER. AFFECTS ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY IN NEURONS.

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SE OF LITHIUM

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CARDIAC DYSRHYTHMIA, CONVULSIONS, TREMOR, EXTREME MOTOR DYSFUNCTION, DISTURBANCE IN FLUID BALANCE.

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VALPROIC ACID (DEPAKOTE)

(MOOD STABILIZING DRUG)

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ANTICONVULSIVE DRUG. USED TO TREAT MANIC DEPRESSION. REDUCES EXCITEMENT IN MANIC PHASE.

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SE OF VALPROIC ACID (DEPAKOTE)

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HEPATIC FAILURE, BIRTH DEFECTS

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CLONAZEPAM (KLONOPIN)

(MOOD STABILIZING DRUG)

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TREATMENT OF BIPOLAR DISORDER (MANIC PHASE), EPILEPSY, DEPRESSION, ANXIETY.

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SE OF COLNAZEPAM (KLONOPIN)

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USED FOR SEIZURE DISORDERS: BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS, DROWSINESS, LACK OF MUSCULAR COORDINATION. WHEN USED IN PANIC DISORDERS: ALLERGIC REACTION, CONSTIPATION, DEPRESSION, DIZZINESS, FATIGUE, REDUCED THINKING ABILITY. CAN CAUSE AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR, AGITATION, ANXIETY, HOSTILITY, SLEEPINESS, SPEECH PROBLEMS.

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ELAVIL AND TOFRANIL

(TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANTS)

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BLOCK REUPTAKE OF NOR EPINEPHRINE AND SEROTONIN, WHICH PREVENTS FURTHER CONTACT WITH THE DEGRADING ENZYME MAO.

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SE OF ELAVIL AND TOFRANIL

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BLURRED VISION, DRY MOUTH, TACHYCARDIA, CONSTIPATION

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PROZAC, ZOLOFT, PAXIL, CELEXA

(SELECTIVE SEROTONIN REUPTAKE INHIBITORS; SSRIs)

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BLOCK THE REUPTAKE OF SUBSEQUENT DESTRUCTION OF SEROTONIN.

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SE OF SSRIs

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EXCESSIVE STIMULATION, CHANGES IN BODY WEIGHT

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MONAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS

(MAOIs)

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INHIBIT ENZYME MAO & INTERFERE WITH DESTRUCTION OF THE MONOAMINE NEUROTRANSMITTERS, WHICH CAUSES AN INCREASE IN THE SYNAPTIC LEVEL OF THE TRANSMITTERS.

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SE OF MAOIs

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POSSIBLE FATAL HTN,, POTENTIALLY FATAL INTERACTION BETWEEN THE MAOI & CERTAIN DRUGS AND FOODS SUCH AS CHEESE, BANANAS, SMOKED MEATS, WINE

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TRAZADONE (DESYREL)

(atypical/novel antidepressants)

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WEAK ANTAGONIST OF MUSCARINE AND BLOCKS ALPHAA 1 & H1 RECEPTORS.
(usually used in sleep disturbances)

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SE OF TRAZADONE (DESYREL)

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ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION, SEDATION, PRIAPRISM.

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BUPROPION (WELLBUTRIN)

(atypical/novel antidepressants)

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DOPAMINE-NOREPINEPHRINE REUPTAKE INHIBITOR & ALSO INHIBITS NICOTINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTORS TO REDUCE ADDICTIVE ACTION OF NICOTINE.

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EGO DEFENSE MECHANISMS

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USED TO DEAL W/ STRESS. AUTOMATIC PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES THAT PROTECT AN INDIVIDUAL. USUALLY UNCONSCIOUS PROCESS.

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COMPENSATION

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PROFESSIONAL ATHLETE WANNA-BE IS COACH INSTEAD. DRUG ABUSE TO COVER FEELINGS OF INSECURITY OR LOW SELF-ESTEEM.

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CONVERSION REACTION

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MANIFESTATION OF PHYSICAL SYMPTOM DUE TO PSYCHOLOGICAL CONFLICT. WOMAN WITNESSED A CHILD MOLESTED & NOW SHE IS UNABLE TO SEE.

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DISPLACEMENT

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TRANSFERRING AN EMOTION OR FEELING FROM ACTUAL OBJECT TO A LESS THREATENING SUBSTITUTE. YELLING AT WIFE INSTEAD OF BOSS.

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DISSOCIATION

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CONFLICTING IMPULSES OR THREATENING IDEAS OR FEELINGS ARE KEPT APART FROM CONSCIOUS MIND. PSYCHOGENIC AMNESIA, SLEEPWALKING.

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IDEALIZATION

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ATTRIBUTING EXAGGERATED POSITIVE QUALITIES TO OTHERS.

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PASSIVE AGGRESSION

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DEALING W/ STRESS BY INDIRECTLY & UNASSERTIVELY EXPRESSING AGGRESSION TOWARD OTHERS. THERE IS AN APPEARANCE OF COMPLIANCE THAT MASKS COVERT RESISTANCE, RESENTMENT & HOSTILITY.

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PROJECTION

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PERSON UNCONSCIOUSLY REJECTS EMOTIONALLY UNACCEPTABLE PERSONAL FEATURES AND ATTRIBUTES THEM TO OTHER PEOPLE, OBJECTS OR SITUATIONS. MAN UNCONSCIOUSLY ATTRACTED TO OTHER WOMEN TEASES WIFE ABOUT FLIRTING.

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RATIONALIZATION

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CREATION OF A REASON FOR SOMETHING HAPPENING THAT IS MORE ACCEPTABLE THAN THE TRUTH. "I DIDN'T GET A RAISE 'CAUSE THE BOSS DOESN'T LIKE ME."

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REACTION FORMATION

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UNACCEPTABLE FEELINGS OR BEHAVIORS ARE KEPT OUT OF AWARENESS BY DEVELOPING OPPOSITE BEHAVIOR OR EMOTION. PERSON WHO HARBORS HOSTILITY TOWARD CHILDREN BECOMES BOY SCOUT LEADER.

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REGRESSION

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REPLACING DEVELOPMENTALLY NORMAL BEHAVIOR W/ ACTIONS THAT REPRESENT AN EARLIER STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT.

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REPRESSION

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EXCLUSION OF UNPLEASANT OR UNWANTED EXPERIENCES, EMOTIONS, OR IDEAS FROM CONSCIOUS AWARENESS. 1ST LINE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSE AGAINST ANXIETY.

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SOMATIZATION

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TRANSFORMING ANXIETY ON AN UNCONSCIOUS LEVEL INTO A PHYSICAL SYMPTOM. OFTEN USED AS ATTENTION GETTER OR EXCUSE.

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SUBLIMATION

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PERSON REDIRECTS LIBIDINAL DRIVES INTO SOCIALLY ACCEPTABLE CHANNELS. MAN W/ STRONG HOSTILE FEELINGS BECOMES A BUTCHER.

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SUPPRESSION

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CONSCIOUS DENIAL OF A DISTURBING SITUATION OR FEELING. WOMAN FINDS LUMP IN BREAST BUT PUTS IT IN THE BACK OF HER MIND UNTIL AFTER A PLANNED VACATION.