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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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SPINA BIFIDA
CONGENITAL (NEURAL TUBE) DEFECT LEAVING THE SPINE UNCLOSED AND THE SPINAL CORD OPEN IN VARIOUS DEGREES IN THE EMBRYONIC STAGE |
SPINA BIFIDA
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IUGR
INTRAUTERINE GROWTH FAILURE |
IUGR
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PIH (TOXEMIA)
A DISEASE OF MALNUTRITION RELATED TO DIETS LOW IN PROTEIN, KCALS, CALCIUM, AND SALT |
PIH
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GESTATIONAL DIABETES
DIABETES DURING PREGANANCY |
GESTATIONAL DIABETES
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MACROSOMIA
LARGE BABY |
MACROSOMIA
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BREAST FEEDING ADVANTAGES
1.FEWER INFECTIONS 2.FEWER ALLERGIES 3.EASE OF DIGESTION 4.CONVIENENCE 5.ECONOMY |
BREAST FEEDING ADVANTAGES
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ESSENTIAL FOR HEMOGLOBIN FORMATION
IRON |
ESSENTIAL FOR HEMOGLOBIN FORMATION
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COLOSTRUM
THIN, YELLOW FLUID FIRST SECRETED BY THE MAMMARY GLAND (PREMILK) |
COLOSTRUM
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COW'S MILK
NEVER FEED TO CHILDREN LESS THAN 1 YEAR OF AGE |
COW'S MILK
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SOLID FOOD INTRODUCTION
ABOUT 6 MONTHS OF AGE |
SOLID FOOD INTRODUCTION
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TODDLER
1 TO 3 YEARS OLD |
TODDLER
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PRESCHOOL AGE
3 TO 5 YEARS OLD |
PRESCHOOL AGE
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SCHOOL AGE
5-12 YEARS OLD |
SCHOOL AGE
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ADOLESCENCE
12-18 YEARS OLD |
ADOLESCENCE
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YOUNG ADULTS
18-40 YEARS OLD |
YOUNG ADULTS
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MIDDLE ADULTS
40-60 YEARS OLD |
MIDDLE ADULTS
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OLDER ADULTS
60 YEARS OLD AND OLDER |
OLDER ADULTS
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SENESCENCE
THE PROCESS OR CONDITION OF GROWING OLD |
SENESCENCE
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OSTEOPORSIS CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
1. LESS CALCIUM RICH FOODS (MILK/PRODUCTS CONSUMED 2. LOSS OF APPETITE 3. LESS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY 4. DECREASED CAPACITY OF HE SKIN TO PRODUCE VITAMIN D WITH SUNLIGHT EXPOSURE |
OSTEOPORSIS CONTRIBUTING FACTORS
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CONGREGATE MEALS
OLDER ADULTS CAN GATHER AND SHARE A MEAL AND SOCIAL SUPPORT WITH OTHERS |
CONGREGATE MEALS
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FOOD SAFETY POINTS
1. COOK FOODS THROUGHLY 2. WHEN COOKING AHEAD-COOL FOOD RAPIDLY AND FREEZE FOR LONG KEEPING 3. ANYTIME YOU ARE UNSURE IF FOOD IS SAFE-THROW IT OUT! |
FOOD SAFETY POINTS
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SALMONELLOSIS
UNSANITARY HANDLING OF FOOD AND UTENSILS CAN SPREAD THIS CONDITION AND CAUSE GASTROENTERITIS |
SALMONELLOSIS
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CLOSTRIDIA
ANEROBIC (CAN LIVE AND GROW IN A OXYGEN-FREE ENVIRONMENT) |
CLOSTRIDIA
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JEWISH CULTURE
KOSHER FOODS NO PORK NO COMBINING OF MEAT AND DAIRY |
JEWISH CULTURE
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MOSLEM CULTURE
ISLAMIC TEACHINGS "KORAN" PORK IS PROHIBITED ALSO EXPERIENCE "RAMADAN" 30-DAY PERIOD OF DAYLIGHT FASTING |
MOSLEM CULTURE
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GREEK CULTURE
FETA CHEESE |
GREEK CULTURE
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CAJUN CULTURE
CREOLE COOKING IN THE SOUTH |
CAJUN CULTURE
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NEEDED FOR BONE DENSITY
1. CALCIUM 2. PHOSPHORUS 3. VITAMIN D |
NEEDED FOR BONE DENSITY
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WOMEN WHO HAVE ALWAYS EATEN A WELL BALANCED DIET ARE IN GOOD STATE OF NUTRITION AT CONCEPTION--EVEN BEFORE THEY KNOW THEY ARE PREGNANT
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POSITIVE NUTRITIONAL DEMANDS OF PREGNANCY
1. ENERGY NEEDS 2. PROTEIN NEEDS 3. KEY MINERAL AND VITAMIN NEEDS 4. DAILY FOOD PLAN |
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REASONS FOR INCREASED NEED FOR PREGNANCY
1. TO SUPPLY THE INCREASED FUEL DEMANDED BY THE ENLARGED METABOLIC WORKLOAD 2. TO SPARE PROTEIN FO RHT EADDED TISSUE-BUILDING REQUIREMENTS |
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NATIONAL STAND RECOMMENDS AN INCREASE OF 300KCAL PER DAY --2200-2500 KCALS
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PROTEIN NEEDS
1. GROWTH ELEMENT FOR BODY TISSUES 2. RAPID GROWTH OF BABY 3.DEVELOPMENT OF PLACENTA 4.GROWTH OF MATERNAL TISSUES 5.INCREASED MATERNAL BLOOD VOLUME 6.AMNIOTIC FLUID 7.STORAGE RESERVES |
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PROTEIN SHOULD INCREASE
10G PER DAY UP TO 60G PER DAY |
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PROTEIN SHOULD INCREASE
10G PER DAY UP TO 60G PER DAY |
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ONLY COMPLETE PROTEIN FOODS OF HIGH BIOLOGIC VALUE
MILK, EGGS, CHEESE AND MEAT |
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INCOMPLETE PROTEINS FROM PLANT SOURCES
LEGUMES AND GRAINS ARE SECONDARY |
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PROTEIN RICH FOODS ALSO CONTRIBUTE OTHER NUTRIENTS
CALCIUM, IRON, AND B VITAMINS |
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HEMOGLOBIN
A CONJUGATED PROTEIN IN RED BLOOD CELLS THAT IS COMPOSED OF A COMPACT, ROUNDED MASS OF POLYPEPTIDE CHAINS FORMING GLOBIN, THE PROTEIN PORTION, AND ATTACHED TO AN IRON-CONTAINING RED PIGMENT CALLED HEME. CARRIES OXYGEN IN THE BLOOD TO CELLS |
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PLASMA PROTEIN
ANY OF A NUMBER OF PROTEIN SUBSTANCES CARRIED IN THE CIRCULATING BLOOD. A MAJOR ONE IS ALBUMIN, WHICH MAINTAINS THE FLUID VOLUME OF THE BLOOD THROUGH ITS COLLOIDAL OSMOTIC PRESSURE |
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ALBUMIN
A MAJOR PROTEIN IN MANY ANIMAL AND PLANT TISSUES, SPECIALIZED PLASMA PROTEIN MAINTAINING NORMAL BLOOD PRESSURE |
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CALCIUM
CALCIUM, PHOSPHORUS, AND VITAMIN D FETAL DEVELOPMENT OF BONES AND TEETH CALCIUM/BLOOD CLOTTING |
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IRON AND IODINE
IRON--INCREASED HEMOGLOBIN GREATER MATERNAL BLOOD VOLUME BABY'S NECESSARY PRENATAL STORAGE OF IRON |
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IODINE
PRODUCING MORE THYROXINE, THYROID HORMONE NEEDED TO CONTROL THE INCREASED BASAL METABOLIC RATE DURING PREGNANCY. IODIZED SALT |
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VIATMINS A AND C--TISSUE GROWTH
B VITAMINS--COENZYME FACTORS/ENERGY FOLATE--BUILD MATURE RED BLOOD CELLS ALSO PERICONCONCEPTIONAL 2 MONTHS BEFORE TO 6WKS PREGNANT FOR HEALTHY EMBRYO |
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SPECIFIC NUTRIENTS--
NOT NECESSARILY SPECIFIC FOODS ARE REQUIRED FOR SUCCESSFUL PREGANANCIES AND MAY BE FOUND IN A VARIETY OF FOODS |
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ALTERNATIVE FOOD PATTERNS
ETHIC AND VEGETARIAN |
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ALTERNATIVE FOOD PATTERNS
ETHIC AND VEGETARIAN |
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BASIC PRINCIPALS
PREGNANT WOMEN SHOULD EAT A SUFFICIENT QUANTITY OF FOOD PREGNANT WOMEN SHOULD EAT REGULAR MEALS AND SNACKS, AVOIDING ANY HABIT OF FASTING OR SKIPPING MEALS--ESPECIALLY BREAKFAST |
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NAUSEA AND VOMITING
SMALL MEALS AND SNACKS (DRY), EASY DIGESTIVE FOODS WITH LIQUIDS BETWEEN--NOT WITH MEALS |
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HYPERMESIS
NAUSEA AND VOMITING...SEVERE AND PROLONGED |
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CONSTIPATION
EXERCISE, INCREASE FLUIDS, NATURALLY LAXATIVE FOODS, SUCH AS WHOLE GRAINS, DRIED FRUITS, PRUNES AND FIGS..AVOID ARTIFICIAL LAXATIVES |
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IRON
INCREASED WITH ORANGE JUICE DECREASED WITH MILK |
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WEIGHT GAIN FOR PREGNANCY
NORMAL 25-35 LBS UNDERWEIGHT 28-40 OVERWEIGHT 15-25 TEENAGERS 35-40 TWINS 35-45 |
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3 TYPES OF NOT OPTIMAL EATING PATTERNS
1 INSUFFICIENT FOOD INTAKE 2. POOR FOOD SELECTION 3. POOR FOOD DISTRIBUTION THROUGHOUT THE DAY |
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PICA
NAME GIVEN TO A PERVERTED APPETITE OR CRAVING FOR UNNATURAL FOODS, CHALK, LAUNDRY SOAP, STARCH OR CLAY |
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CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
PREGNANT TEENAGERS 1. KNOW EACH CLIENT PERSONALLY 2. SEEK WAYS TO MOTIVATE CLIENTS 3. MAKE APPROPRIATE ASSESSMENTS 4. MAKE PRACTICAL INTERVENTIONS 5. SUPPORT THE TEENAGERS RESPONSIBILITY |
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HIGH RISK MOTHERS AND INFANTS
1. IDENTIFY RISK FACTORS INVOLVED 2. PLAN PERSONAL CARE 3. RECOGNIZE SPECIAL COUNSELING NEEDS AGE AND (PARITY RATE..WHO HAVE HAD SEVERAL PREGNANCIES WITHIN A LIMITED NUMBER OF YEARS) 4. SOCIAL HABITS, ALCOHOL, CIGS, DRUGS, CAFFEINE 5. SOCIOECONOMIC PROBLEMS |
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CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
NUTRITIONAL RISK FACTORS IN PREGNANCY ONSET OF PREGNANCY AGE 15 TO 35 YEARS OLD 3 OR MORE PREGNANCIES A 2 YEAR PERIOD POOR OB HISTORY OR POOR FETAL PERFORMANCE POVERTY TRENDY FOOD HABITS NICOTINE, ALCOHOL OR DRUGS DIET REQUIRED FOR CHRONIC DISORDER LOW BMR OR HIGH BMR 85-120% |
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RISK FACTORS DURING PREGNANCY
LOW HEMOGLOBIN/HEMATOCRIT 12.O G/35.MG/DL NO WEIGHT GAIN EXCESSIVE WEIGHT GAIN |
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COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY
1. ANEMIA 2. NEURAL TUBE DEFECT 3. INTRAUTERINE GROWTH FAILURE 4. PREGNANCY INDUCED HYPERTENSION (PIH) 5. GESTATIONAL DIABETES 6. PRE EXISTING DISEASE |
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ADVANTAGES OF BREAST FEEDING
FEWER INFECTIONS FEWER ALLERGIES EASE OF DIGESTION CONVENIENCE AND ECONOMY HUMAN MILK PROVIDES ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS IN QUANTITIES THAT ARE UNIQUELY SUITED FOR OPTIMAL INFANT GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT |
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BLOOD VOLUME______DURING PREGNANCY.
INCREASES |
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WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING FOODS ARE COMPLETE PROTEINS OF HIGH BIOLOGIC VALUE AND HENCE SHOULD BE INCREASED DURING PREGNANCY?
MILK, EGGS, CHEESE |
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