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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Electrolytes |
Substances that desperate in solution to form ions |
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Intercellular fluid |
Within cells, contains solutes such as electrolytes, glucose and oxygen and is essential for normal cell function |
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Extracellular fluid |
Outside the cell, distributed in 3 compartments: interstitial fluid, intravascular fluid or plasma, transcellular fluid |
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Osmosis |
Water moves across a membrane from an area of lower concentrate to an area of higher solute concentration |
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Diffusion |
Process when solutes move from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low concentration to become evenly distributed |
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Filtration |
Process where water and solutes move across capillary membranes driven by fluid pressure |
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Active transport |
Allows molecules to move across cell membranes to an area of higher solute concentration, requires ATP |
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Renin- angiotensin- aldosterone system |
Helps maintain intravascular fluid balance and BP |
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Antidiuretic hormone |
Regulates water excretion from the kidneys |
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Fluid volume deficit causes |
Inadequate fluid intake, vomiting, suctioning, diarrhea, diuretics, diabetes, hemorrhage, sweating, fever, draining wounds, fluid shifts |
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Fluid volume deficit manifestations |
Fatigue, altered mental status, postural hypotension, tachycardia, weak, thready PP, weight loss, flat neck veins, dry skin, decreased urine output, concentrated urine |
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FVD labs |
Increase serum osmolality, hematocrit and urine specific gravity |
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Hyponatremia |
Serum sodium less than 135 mEq/L |
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Hypernatremia |
Serum sodium greater than 145 mEq/L |
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Hypokalemia |
Serum K less than 3.5 mEq |
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Hyperkalemia |
Serum K greater than 5.3 mEq/L |
