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90 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ANA defines nursing
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as the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through diagnosis and treatment of human response; and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, and communities
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Standards of practice
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describe a competent level of nursing care
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Standards of professional practice
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describe a competent level of behavior in the professional role
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Code of ethics
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the philosophical ideals of right and wrong that define he principles you will use to provide care to your patients.
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Continuing education
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involves formal, organized educational programs offered by universities. hospitals, professional nursing organizations
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In service education
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programs are instruction or training provided y a health care agency or institution
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ANA Standards of Nursing Practice:
ADOPICHCPE |
Assessment
Diagnosis Outcomes Identification Planning Implementation Coordination of Care Health Teaching and Health Promotion Consultation Prescriptive authority and treatment Evaluation |
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ANA Standards of Professional Performance
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Ethics
Education Evidence Based Practice Quality of Practice Communication Leadership Collaboration Professional Practice Evaluation Resources Environmental Health |
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Evaluation
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The RN evaluates progress toward attainment of outcome
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Prescriptive authority and treatment
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The APRN uses prescriptive authority, procedures, referrals, treatment in accordance with state and federal laws
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Health Teaching and Health Promotion
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The RN uses strategies to promote health and a safe environment
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Coordination of Care
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The RN coordinates care delivery
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Implementation
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The RN implementes the identified plan
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Planning
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The RN develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes
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Outcomes Identification
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The RN identifies expected outcomes for a plan individualized to the patient
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Diagnosis
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The RN analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnosis or issues
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Assessment
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The RN collects comprehensive dtaa pertinent to the patient's health and situation
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NPA Nurse Practice Act
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establish specific legal regulations for practice, and professional organizations establish standards of practice as criteria for nursing care.
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Who oversees the NPAs?
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State Boards of Nursing
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What must RNs pass and what does it provide?
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The NCLEX and it provides a standardized minimum knowledge base for nurses
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Autonomy
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an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of independent nursing intervention without medical orders
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Accountability
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means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided
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Care giver
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you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a level of functional independence
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Advocate
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you protect the patient's human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if need arises
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Educator
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explain concepts and facts about health, demonstrate self care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior.
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APRN
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Advance Practice RN - most independently functioning nurse
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4 core roles of APRN
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CNS - Clinical nurse specialist
CNP - certified nurse practitioner CNM - nurse midwife CRNA - nurse anesthetist |
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Patient centered care
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recognize the patient as the course of control and full partner in providing compassion and coordinated care based on respect for patient's preferences, values, and needs
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Team work and Collaboration
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function effectively within nursing and interprofessional teams, fostering open communication, respect, and shared decision making
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evidence based practice
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integrate best current evidence with clinical expertise and patient preferences and value
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safety
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minimize risk of harm to patients and providers through both system effectiveness and individual performance.
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informatics
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use information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error, and support decision making
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Primary care
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prenatal and well baby
nutrition counseling family planning exercise classes |
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preventative care
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blood pressure and cancer screening
immunizations community legislation mental health counseling |
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secondary acute care
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emergency care
acute meg surg care x rays, CT scans |
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tertiary care
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intensive care
subacute care |
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restorative care
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rehab
sports medicine home care |
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continuing care
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assisted living
psychiatric and older adult day care |
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PICOT question
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P- patient population (age, gender, ethnicity)
I- intervention (treatment, diagnostic test) C- comparsion (what is the usual standard of care) O- outcome (change in patient behavior, physical finding) T- time (amount of time needed) |
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Quantitative Research
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study of nursing phenomena that offers precise measurement and quatification
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Qualitative research
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study of phenomena that are difficult to quantify such as patient's perception of pain
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Define Health
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a state of complete physical, mental, and social well being, not merely the absence of disease
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3 Levels of Preventative care
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Primary - true prevention; precedes disease and is applied to patients considered healthy
Secondary - individuals who are experiencing health problems and are at risk for developing complication Tertiary - occurs when a disability or defect is permanent and irreversible |
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Functions:
Independent |
functions autonomously, accountable for care, nurse prescribed interventions. (eg, long term care settings)
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Functions:
Collaborative |
carries out the plan of care in conjunction with other disciplines
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Functions:
Dependent |
must rely on MD's orders for patient care
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Orem's Nursing Theory
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- to care for and help client attain total self care
-nursing care becomes necessary when a client is unable to fulfill biological developmental psychological or social needs - identify why client can not perform self care, what must be done, and enable client to become as independent as possible |
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Motivation to satisfy need
Maslow's hierarchy of needs |
physical survival needs
need for safety and security social needs, belonging need for self esteem need for self actualization |
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Infant
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trust vs mistrust
birth to 12 months |
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Toddler
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autonomy vs shame
12 months to 3 yrs |
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Preschool
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Initiative vs guilt
3 to 6 yrs |
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School age
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industry vs inferiority
6 to 12 yrs |
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adolescence
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identity vs role confusion
12 to 19 |
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young adult
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intimacy vs isolation
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adulthood
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generativity vs stagnation
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maturity
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integrity vs despair
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ADPIE
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Assessment
Diagnosis Plan Implement Evaluate |
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Critical Thinking Definition
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The process of analyzing and understanding how and why we reached a certain conclusion
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5 components of critical thinking
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specific knowledge base
experience in nursing CT competencies attitudes standards |
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SBAR
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A standardized way to communicate information
Situation Background Assessment Recommendation |
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BMI
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Body Mass Index
relationship between weight and height that is associated with body fat and health risk formula = weight in KG/height in meters squared normal is 18.5 - 24.9 |
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stages of health behavior change
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pre-contemplation
contemplation preparation action maintenance |
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Nursing Process defined
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a systematic and dynamic way of giving nursing care
the essence of professional nursing practice |
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subjective data
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only client can give this information
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objective data
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anything you see
observations or measurements |
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Criminal Acts
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conduct that is harmful or offensive to society
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Civil Acts
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relationship between individual nd private organization
encourage fair and equal treatment of people wrongs that violate the rights of individuals by : TORTS breach of contract |
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TORTS
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A civil wrong made against a person or property.
-Intentional -Negligence/Unintentional -Strict liabilty |
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Judicial Risk
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uncontrollable variables that increase risk (judge / jury having a bad day; suing another without real justification)
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Professional Negligence
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unreasonable actions
failure to meet standards failure to act and prevent harm |
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non maleficence
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do not harm
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EMTALA
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Emergency Medical Treatment & Active Labor Act
Prevents “patient dumping” Appropriate Medical Screening Appropriate Transfer To a facility who has necessary equipment When condition is stable |
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HIPAA
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Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act
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restraints
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3 types
physical chemicals seclusion |
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The Uniform Determination of Death Act
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2 Standards
Cardiopulmonary Whole Brain Standard |
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Fidelity
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obligations to the client
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Justice
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- duty to treat others fairly
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Beneficence
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a nurse is required to promote good for others
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Four Principles of Biomedical Ethical Decision Making
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1) Autonomy
2) Beneficience 3) Nonmaleficence 4) Justice |
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Who sets standards for client and family education?
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Joint Commission
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What is the Purpose of Client Education?
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To help individuals, families, or communities achieve optimal levels of health
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Teaching
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An interactive process that promotes learning
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Learning
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The purposeful acquisition of knowledge, skills, behaviors, and attitudes
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Cognitive Learning
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Includes all intellectual behaviors and requires thinking
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Affective Learning
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Deals with expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, opinions, or values
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Psychomotor Learning
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Involves acquiring skills that require integration of mental and muscular activity
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Affective Learning
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Deals with expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, opinions, or values
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Psychomotor Learning
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Involves acquiring skills that require integration of mental and muscular activity
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Empathy
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Relating with your patient because you have been in a similar situation or experience
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Sympathy
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Comforting your patient or their family
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