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77 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Altruism |
concern for the welfare of others; caring, commitment,compassion, generosity, and empathy |
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Autonomy |
the right toself-determination; honors client’s rights to make decisions regarding care;encourages client independence and self direction, supports rights of otherproviders to suggest alternatives in plans of care |
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Human dignity |
inherent worth anddignity of every individual; safeguards other’s rights to privacy,confidentiality, respect |
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Social justice |
act as aclient advocate when caring for clients, non-judgmental care of clientregardless of client’s belief system, allocates resources fairly; reportsunethical or illegal practices factually |
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Integrity |
acting in accordance with an appropriate code ofethics and accepted standards of practice. Nurse is honest and provides carebased on an ethical framework |
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Ethics |
A frameworkfor the principles of right and wrong conduct, of virtueand vice, and of good, and evil as they relate to conduct |
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Non-malifecence |
the nurse mustavoid causing harm to the patient; the nurse does not everdo anything that will intentionally hurt patient |
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Beneficence |
the nurse acts in accordance with what will ultimatelybenefit the client; the nurse has to weigh the risks and benefits of therapies |
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Fidelity |
the nurse keeps promises made to the client |
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Accountability |
Beingresponsible for your actions, beinghonest about your actions and answerable for your practice |
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Veracity |
Veracity iscompassionate truth- telling. Give the patient hope whenever possible. |
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Paternalism |
Acting for the good of the client without the client’sconsent |
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Confidentiality |
the nurserespects the private privileged information of the client and does not share this information carelesslywith others |
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Advocacy |
the nurserepresents the client best interest; the nurse speaks and acts for thoseclients who cannot speak or act for themselves |
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Informed consent |
The patient’sright to make knowledgeable decisions based on the complete information givenby health care providers |
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Ethical dilemma |
2 or moreclear moral principles apply but support mutually inconsistent courses ofaction |
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Ethical distress |
occurs whenthe nurse knows the right thing to do but either personal or institutionalfactors make it difficult to follow the correct course of action |
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What is the NCLEX? |
NationalCouncil Licensure Examination for Nurses |
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Who establishes the laws of nursing? |
Each state: Nursing Practice Acts |
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What is the ANA? |
American Nurses Association: lobby in congress etc |
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What is the NLN? |
National League for Nurses: for learning and nursing education |
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What type of law is nursing involved in? |
Tort law: civil, not criminal |
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Negligence |
•performingan act that a reasonable prudent person under similar circumstances would notdo |
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Malpractice |
•negligentor willful act committed by professional person |
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Incident report |
•documentationof any untoward effects or accidental occurrences involving the patient duringthe course of practice |
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Sentinel event |
•ANunexpected occurrence involving death or serious injury |
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Good samaritan law |
•protectsthe professional when giving care under an emergencysituationwhen consent for care is impossible |
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Student nurse liability |
•Studentnurses are held to the standardof careof a REGISTERED NURSEin the clinical setting |
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Controlled substances |
•drugswith abuse potential; narcotics |
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Dependent nursing actions |
•Thoseactivities that the nurse performs basedon physicianorders |
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Interdependent nursing actions |
•Nurseperforms actions incollaborationwith another health care team member |
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Independent nursing action |
•actionsnurse performs on ownbased on nursing assessment, knowledge, and judgment |
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Evidence based practice |
•Usingevidence from research to guide how you practice |
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Incivility |
}Rudecomments}Offensiveor condescendinglanguage}Name calling}Publiccriticism}Ethnicor sexual jokes}Screaming}Attackinga person's integrity}Disregardfor interdisciplinary input about patient care |
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Bullying |
}Persistenthostility}Regularverbal attacks}Repeatedphysical threats}Refusalto assist with duties}Writeretaliatory commentsabout the nurse to nursemanager}Tauntingthe nurse in front ofothers}Speakingnegatively aboutthe nurse to administrators |
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Lateral/horizontal violence |
}Complaintsshared with others withoutfirst discussing withthe individual |
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Empathy |
Empathyis identifying with the way another person feels… |
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Non-verbal communication |
TouchEyecontactFacialExpressionsAppearance & GroomingPostureGaitGesturesSoundsSilence |
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Therapeutic communication |
Active listening etc |
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Reflection |
reflectback some of patient commentsaskrelevant questions regarding the patient’s statements |
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Open-ended questions |
Atechnique used to encourage the client to fully express him or herself Requiresa specific verbal explanation - NOT simply a YES or NO response |
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Clarification and verification |
re-stateand summarizethe patient’s statements |
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Direct questioning |
the nurse must try to control the interview by askingspecific, direct questions….Yesor NO |
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What is the biggest block to communication? |
Failing to listen |
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Leading questions |
Aleading question suggests a response that the nurse wishesto hearrather than the patient’s genuine response |
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What is a way to evaluate pain in kids? |
Wong-Baker chart |
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What is the HIPAA |
Health Information Portability andAccountability Act |
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Subjective data |
•Informationobtained from interviewing the patient |
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Objective data |
•Thenurse obtains this data by physically examining the patient |
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What are the 4 techniques of a physical exam? |
•Inspection•Palpation•Percussion•Auscultation |
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How does a nurse correct errors in the chart? |
•Drawone line through the incorrect words initial (small letters)•Print‘Mistakenentry’ above or beside words, sign anddate•Thenre-write entry correctly•NEVER use WHITE OUT or ERASE or INK OUT |
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What is the difference between a nursing assessment vs medical assessment? |
patient focused vs. disease focused |
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What is SBAR format? |
•Situation•Background• Assessment•Recommendation |
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What is the nursing process? |
•Assessment•Diagnosis•Plan•Implementation•Evaluation |
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What is Maslow's Hierarchy of needs? |
•selfactualization •selfesteem• •belonging •safetyneeds• •physiologicneeds (least to most important) |
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Etiology |
source of the problem |
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Scientific Rationale |
•Astatement from a textbook or journal article which supports your plan of care |
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Asepsis |
Practice which reduces number andtransfer of pathogens |
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Nosocomial infection |
infection acquired while in the hospital |
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Bloodborne diseases |
Hep B, Hep C, HIV |
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Chain of infection |
Microorganism ( infectious agent) Reservoir Portalof exit from reservoir Transmission Vector Host Portalof entry |
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Stages of infection |
Incubation Period Prodromal Stage Full Stage of Illness Convalescent Period |
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Iatrogenic infection |
infectioncaused by health care providers actions |
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What are the sterile areas of the body? |
Bloodstream Cerebrospinal fluid Urinary tract Pulmonary system Bone |
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How long should you wash hands? |
15 seconds |
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Universal precautions |
Centers for Disease Control (CDC)recommendations for health care providers to protect themselves when coming incontact with infectious body fluids of patients |
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Disinfection |
Destroys all pathogenic organisms exceptspores; used when preparing the skin for a procedure |
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Sterilization |
destroys ALL microorganisms includingspores; required on invasive instruments |
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What are the potentially infectious body fluids? |
BLOOD SPUTUM Infected urine Infected fecal matter |
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Developmental disability |
•frombirth to age 22; eg.Down’s Syndrome |
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Acquired disability |
•Resultsfrom injury; eg.spinal cord injury |
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Age-associated disability |
•eg.chronic disorder ; Rheumatoid Arthritis |
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Medical model |
•theperson with disability is ill and needs medical care; persons with disabilityare dependent on health care providers |
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Rehabilitation model |
•personswith disability need rehabilitation and need professional help to live withtheir disease |
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Social model |
•personswith disability are socially dependent on others; they have physical and socialbarriers |
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Biopsychosocial model |
•combinesthe medical and social models |
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Interface model |
•basedon the life experiences of the person with disability; the person withdisability define their problems and seek their solutions |
