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141 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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DNA
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Code for the basic structure and function of human body
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Dopamine
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catecholamine neurotransmitter; involved with diseases that have abnormal movement; Acts on portion of brain that is responsible for thoughts an emotions; stimulates hypolthalamus to release estrogen and progesterone
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Ductless gland
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Glands that release secretions directly into blood stream or lymph system
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ego
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operates at the conscious level; problem solving; mediates between super ego and id
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estrogen
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secreted by female reproductive organs
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GABA
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inhibitory neurotransmitter; plays a role in anxiety, seizures, aggression; decreased levels may increase behaviors
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genes
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inherited chracteristics are determined and transmitted by different genes
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genetics
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study of heredity
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hiearchy of needs theory
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5 hiearchia needs; needs at the bottom level must be met before needs on the next level
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acetycholine
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normal motor functioning; cholinergic neurotransmitter; absent in people with various thought disorders that involve memory loss (Alzheimer's)
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antahistamine
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block histamines; counter side effects of certain medications for behavioral disorders
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atrophy
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shrinkage
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catecholamines
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neurotransmitter; marked effect on the central nervous and cardiovascular systems
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cholinergic neurotransmitter
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increases neuron activity and brings about increased muscle contraction and glandular secretion
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chromosome
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microscopic, rod shaped bodies that are found in the nuclei of cells
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cortisol
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secreted by adrenal gland; may play a part of depressive mood disorders
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denial
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refusal to accept the reality of an actual situation
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histamine
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neuropepetide; exert similar effects on the heart and muscles; enhances mental alertness; dilates blood vessels, lowers blood pressure; stimulates gastric secretion
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hormone
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formed in one organ or gland in body and carried by blood to other organs to exert a specific effect
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id
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individual's personality that is inaccessible and unconscious; pleasure principle; immediate gratification
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inhibitory neurotransmitters
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suppresses neuron activity
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interpersonal theory
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Sullivan; focuses on basic needs; satisfaction and security
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neuron
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nerve cells
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neuropeptide
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enhances mental alertness
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norepinepherine
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appears to be involved with development of affective disorders; increases blood pressure
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projection
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redirecting emotions by attributing it to other individuals
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psychoanalysis
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various mood disturbances and personality are caused by the repression of unpleasant experiences from one's past
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psychoanalytic theory
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Freud; 3 different psychic structures; id, superego, ego
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psychotherapy
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r
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repression
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blocking or submersion of memories or impulses into the unconscious part's of one's personality
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serotonin
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neurotransmitter; related to sleep wake cycles and affective and anxiety related mood disorders related to depression
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social interpersonal theory
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orientation, working and termination phases
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superego
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embodies ethical decision making, values and standards of morality
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synapse
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space between neurons
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theory
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statement that explains available evidenced
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crisis theory
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persistent unresolved anxiety; can lead to a number of behavioral disorders; preventative care is key
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affective responses
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one of six primary types of behavioral responses to life stresses
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anhedonia
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inability to take pleasure in normally pleasurable things
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anorexia
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lack of appetite for food
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Beck Depression inventory
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questionere to help measure a person's level of depression
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bipolar disorder
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one or more stages of mania in combination with one or more stages of depression
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bipolar mood responses
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person's mood alternates or swings widely from excited hyperactivity to varying degrees of depression
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crisis cycle
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certain series of events to process grief
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cyclothymia
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chronic mood disorder; depressive and manic states that alternate for a period of 2 or more years; brief periods of normal moods
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delusions
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false, fixed beliefs
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delusions of grandeur
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feelings of extreme over confidence and power
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depressive responses
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most common of all affective disorders; response to situational crisis; may accompany long term illness
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dexamethasone supression test
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measures cortisol response in people who have major depression
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dysthymic disorder
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chronically sad or depressed
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elation
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extreme elevated mood
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euphoria
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exaggerated feeling of well being
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emotions
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response to unhappy or joyful occasions
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grief responses
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intense emotional reactions
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hallucinations
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apparent perceptions of signs/sounds that are not present in reality
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hyperoexia
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significant weight loss
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hypersomnia
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sleeping in excess
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hypermania
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manic symptoms in a milder form
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insomnia
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prolonged inability to sleep
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major depressive disorder
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symptoms of depression intensifie
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mania
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state of mental excitement
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mood
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long lasting emotions
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post-partum depression
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occurs in some women following birth of infant; inability to cope with care of infant
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psychomotor retardation
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general slowing of bloth physical and mental reactions
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psychosis
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markedly distored concept of reality
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seasonal affective disorder
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depressive mood disorder that occurs in winter months
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euphoria
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exaggerated feeling of well being
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emotions
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response to unhappy or joyful occasions
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grief responses
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intense emotional reactions
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hallucinations
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apparent perceptions of sights/sounds that are not present in reality
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hyperorexia
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significant weight loss
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hypersomnia
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sleeping in excess
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hypomania
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manic symptoms in milder form
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insomnia
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prolonged inability to sleep
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major depressive disorder
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symptoms of depression intensified
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mania
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state of mental excitement
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mood
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long lasting emotions
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post-partum depression
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occurs in some women following birth of infant; inability to cope with the care of the infant
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psychomotor retardation
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general slowing of both physical and mental reactions
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psychosis
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markedly distorted concept of reality
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seasonal affective disorder
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depressive mood disorder that occurs in winter months
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agoraphobia
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fear of being in an open or public place or being alone
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anxiety
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basic behavioral reaction to life stresses and threats
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autonomic nervous system
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peripheral nervous system that controls involuntary bodily functions, heart, smooth muscle and glands
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generalized anxiety disorder
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long-term, severe anxiety
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post traumatic stress disorder
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anxiety related to traumatic event or experience
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recall flashback
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psychological, emotional, physical reliving of the feelings associated with traumatic event
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panic disorder
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sudden, short-lived and often uncontrollable attacks of anxiety; occurs spontaneously
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parasthesia
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some degree of paralysis; numbness and tingling
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obsession
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persistent and recurring idea or thought
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compulsion
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irresistible and irrational impulse to act on a thought or idea
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Obsessive compulsive disorder
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unconsciously control feelings of anxiety; engage in specific repetitive thoughts and ritualistic behavior
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phobic disorders
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anxiety responses that involve intense, irrational fears with no basis in reality
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social phobia
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fear and anxiety related to being in a position where others may be watching
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stage fright
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fears of being humiliated and publicly embarrassed
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dissassociative identy disorder
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crisis in one's idenity
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alters
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different personalities that are present in DID
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amnesia
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inability to partially or totally recall important facts and information about recent events
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dissociative amnesia
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inability to recall important facts and information about a person's self
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somatoform anxiety disorder
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anxiety responses inextricably related to physical body
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conversion disorder
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unconsciously channels his or her anxiety into physical symptoms that are not under voluntary control
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la bell indifference
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emotionally detached from symptoms
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hypocondriasis
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persistent belief that a serious illness is present despite diagnostic testing
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male erectile disorder
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inability of the male to attain or maintain penile erection
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altered thought processes
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impaired ability to think clearly, process new data, remember major information
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delusions
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false beliefs
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hallucinations
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perceptions or sensations that are not present in reality
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command hallucination
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hear voices that instruct them to take their own lives or others
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paranoid behavior
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persistent belief that one is being persecuted or falsely accused by others
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autism
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altered thought process; self absorption
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savantism
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exceptional abilities in a specific area
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schizophrenia
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separation between one's emotions and one's thought processes
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positive symptoms associated with schizophrenia
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observable and present delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thought, incoherent speech, paranoia, odd or bizarre behaviors
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negative symptoms associated with schizophrenia
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involve the absence of something; flat affect, lack of close relationships, poor grooming
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alogia
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poverty of speech
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avolition
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lack of motivation
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catatonic schizophrenia
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psychomotor activity, immobility and retardation
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paranoid schizophrenia
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auditory hallucinations and delusions of persecution
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delirium
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acute and usually reversible response to stress
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cognition
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various activities associated with the mind
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dementia
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impairment of cognitive thinking
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dementia of Alzheimer's type
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chronic and progressive cognitive disorder; no definable cause
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presenile dementia
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diagnosis in person's under the age of 65
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senile neuritic plaques
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degenerate nerve endings that surround fibrous waste products
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neurofibrillary tangles
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twisted nerve fibers or filaments inside nuclei of brain cells
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Down's syndrome
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presence of extra copy of 21st chromosome
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Folstein mini mental status exam
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used to asses dementia
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aphasia
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difficulty finding the right word
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anomia
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inability to remember names of objects
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apraxia
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inability to perform purposeful movements
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agnosia
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inability to perform purposeful movements
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vascular dementiaausehavior occurs
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dementia caused by stroke
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plateaus
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no perceptible change in memory or behavior occurs
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AIDS dementia
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caused by infection and release of cytokines in brain
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macrophages
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WBC's moved into brain tissue
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cytokines
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proteins produced by WBC
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ataxia
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lack of muscle coordination
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HIV reverse transcriptase
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enzyme found in CSF; increased levels = more dementia
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Wernick-Korsakoff syndrome
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dementia; encelphalopathy associated with chronic alcoholism
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Huntington's chorea
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hereditary dementia that occurs after age 50
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nystagmus
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involuntary rapid eyeball movements
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ptosis
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drooping of upper eyelid
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