Nursing Concepts 3

Front 1

Intractable pain

Back 1

In(neg) tracto(to draw or haul)
Often seen with Cancer

Front 2

Enkalphalins

Back 2

A natural substance produced in the brain that binds to opiod receptors -dulls perception of pain.Primarily activated through non nociceptor peripheral fibers

Front 3

Nociceptors

Back 3

Peripheral Nervous System receptors that transnmit pain

Front 4

Gate Theory

Back 4

1.)Large diameter Fibers inhibit transmission of pain impulses 2.)Small diameter nerve fibers carry pain through the gate 3.) Synapse in Dorsal Horn close to keep impulses from reaching the brain

Front 5

Placebo effect

Back 5

A true physiological response to pain

Front 6

Emerging STD in USA

Back 6

HIV/AIDS & chlamydia

Front 7

Cultural Universals

Back 7

Incude:Family, Work, Parenting Roles and Education

Front 8

Functional Health Practices

Back 8

facititate optimal health

Front 9

Intial responses with a dx
Chronic Illness of a child

Back 9

Denial then Guilt/accusation

Front 10

The Basic attribute of an effective Community

Back 10

Patterned social interactions

Front 11

Primary Focus of Community based Nrsg

Back 11

Individual & Family

Front 12

ANA standards for CHN

Back 12

Ids the level of requirements for excellence in CHN

Front 13

Prevention

Back 13

Involves everything possible to prevent disease developement or progression of disease.

Front 14

3 Government Tiers of Public Health

Back 14

Federal-oversees medicare tanf etc.
State( primarily responsible for health matters)
Local- oversees + impliments ordinences etc.

Front 15

Healthy People 2010 objectives are important

Back 15

They allow the Government to focus valuable resources in the right places

Front 16

Disease Casuality

Back 16

The act of relating one event to the effects it produces

Front 17

Pandemic

Back 17

Involves populations in widespread geographical areas of the world

Front 18

Goodells Sign

Back 18

softening of the uterus & cervix

Front 19

Ballottement

Back 19

physical assessment to manuever + determine size & shape of an organ

Front 20

Chadwicks Sign

Back 20

bluish discoloration of cervix & vagina * a sign of pregnancy

Front 21

Risk

Back 21

The probability that an event will occur

Front 22

Rate

Back 22

Measurement of the frequency of an event in a defined population(denominator=# of events/ numerator=population @risk X by 10 or another factor)

Front 23

Risk Assessment

Back 23

1.) Susceptibility
2.)Exposure Potential
3.) Relative risk ratio

Front 24

Mortality Rate

Back 24

=Death Rate

Front 25

Morbidity Rate

Back 25

Proportion of People w/ a particular disease during a given year, per a given unit of population (ie:prevalence vs incidence)

Front 26

Prevalence

Back 26

Number of Cases of a disease evisting in a given population@ a specific amount time

Front 27

Primary Prevention

Back 27

Precedes disability or dysfunction. Focuses on health promotion, healthy lifestyles & reducing major risk factors

Front 28

Secondary Prevention

Back 28

Focus on early detection & prompt treatment. Intervention + care ie: CA,MI,DM,obesity,infectious diseases

Front 29

Tertiary

Back 29

Restoration of health, Rehab and Prevent reoccurance

Front 30

Nageles Rule

Back 30

Add 7 days to first day of LMP
Count back three months
Add one year

Front 31

Presumptive signs of pregnancy

Back 31

Amennorhea,breast changes,nausea, quickening,chadwicks sign, sleepiness/fatigue, frequent urination

Front 32

Probable signs of pregnancy

Back 32

Presence og HCG,enlarged uterus,Hegers sign(softening of lower uterus),braxton hicks,ballottement,palpation of fetal outline

Front 33

Positive objective signs of Pregnancy

Back 33

fetal heartbeat on fetoscope~17-20wks,fetal movement actively palpable by trained examiner ~20wks,fetal US ~4-5 wks gestational sac= fetal heart and parts~8wks

Front 34

First Trimester

Back 34

1-12week
wt gain average 3.5-5 lbs
total

Front 35

Second Trimester

Back 35

13-24th weeks
wt gain ~1 lb weekly

Front 36

Third Trimester

Back 36

25-40 weeks
wt gain ~1 lb weekly

Front 37

Uterine enlargement

Back 37

from hypertrophy and limited hyperplasia

Front 38

Braxton Hicks

Back 38

Assist in placental circulation

Front 39

During pregnancy cariac output increases

Back 39

30-50%

Front 40

During Pregnancy blood volume increases

Back 40

45%

Front 41

Lying on the Left side during pregnancy

Back 41

Prevents Pregnancy Induced hypotension syndrome

Front 42

Pregnancy is intial retained at conception by hormones produce from

Back 42

The Corpus Luteum

Front 43

Involution

Back 43

The return of an enlarged organ to normal size

Front 44

During pregnancy the pulse may

Back 44

increase 10-15 beats or remin normal

Front 45

During pregnancy thr b/p may

Back 45

decrease slighly, usually lowest during the second trimester and near prepregnancy near term

Front 46

Fibrin levels during pregnancy

Back 46

Increase by as much as 40% at term and has been known to increase as much as 50%. Which cause a rise in sed rate

Front 47

Tocolytics

Back 47

Medication used to stop labor

Front 48

Magnesium Sulfate

Back 48

Tocolytic and Used for preeclampsia
Containdicated w/myocardial damage,dx mnyasthenia gravis, heart block r/t effects of nerve transmission and muscle contration. Antidote Calcium gluconate

Front 49

Ritodrine

Back 49

Tocolytic relaxes smooth muscles of uterus, brochial tree and arterioles.
Most effective 20-36 wk-can cause fluid excess especially w/glucocorticoids. Less freq used r/t significant Adverse Rxs

Front 50

Terbutaline Sulfate(Brethine)

Back 50

Not FDA approved as a tocolytic, however prefered for use.

Front 51

Betamethasone Sodium Phosphate (Celeston)

Back 51

Contains glucocorticoid hormones. Capable of inducing pulmonary maturation in preterm infants. Recommended used Q week up to 34 wks gestation

Front 52

Amniocentisis

Back 52

removal of 15-20mls fluid
performed ~15-17 weeks gestation
checks for chromosomal abnormalaties and may contain biochemical markers for
inherited disease

Front 53

Cocaine use during pregnancy=risk for

Back 53

Abrupto Placenta

Front 54

First Stage of Labor
(Latent,Active,Transition)

Back 54

begins with onset of reg contractions-end with 10cm dilation of cervix

Front 55

First Stage of Labor
*Latent Phase

Back 55

regular contractions,some effacement, little or no fetal descent.SROM usually occurs Nullipara ~8.6 hrs*shouldn't exceed 20 hrs
Multiparas ~5.3hrs *shouldn't exceed 14hrs- Contactions mild ~20-30sec Q 3-30mins

Front 56

First Stage of Labor
**Active Phase

Back 56

4-7cms cervical dilation
Fetal descent progressive ~1.2cm hr multi & 1.5cm nulli

Front 57

First stage of Labor
***Transition Phase

Back 57

Last part of 1st stage of labor. 1cm hr nulli- no longer than 3hrs & 2cm hr multi no longer than 1 hr*epidural can increase time though. Contractions Q 2-5 min, duration ~40-60sec.Increased anxiety

Front 58

Second stage of Labor

Back 58

begins with 10cm dilation ends with birth of infant.Average 2hr for prima
and 15 min for multi.Contractions 1.5-2min duration 60-90 seconds

Front 59

Third Stage

Back 59

Begins with Birth of the baby
ands with birth of placenta

Front 60

Cardinal Movements of Labor

Back 60

1.)Descent
2.)Flexion
3.)Internal Rotation
4.) External Rotation

Front 61

When is the Nurse most likely to see Postpartum depression

Back 61

1 month postpartum

Front 62

A Premonitory sign of Labor is

Back 62

Bloody show

Front 63

The Amniotic fluid

Back 63

contols embryo temperature, permits symetrical growth of fetus & provides freedom of movement

Front 64

The Placenta is involved in

Back 64

Metabolic transport and Endocrine activities

Front 65

SGA

Back 65

below 10 percentile

Front 66

Responsible for arousal response

Back 66

Retcular activating system

Front 67

Miotics

Back 67

cause contraction of pupil

Front 68

Cyclolegics

Back 68

paralysis of ciliary muscles of the eyes

Front 69

RHIgG (Rhogam)

Back 69

For RH neg moms carrying RH positive babies- Must be given within 72 hrs after childbirth

Front 70

Methylergonovine Maleate (Methergine)

Back 70

Stimulate uterine to contract postpartally & enhance uterine involution.Containdicated w/ hx of cardiac, renal disease, HTN.Use caution w/lactation.NEVER use during pregnancy or labor.

Front 71

Lochia

Back 71

Debris from Birth:Rubra is dark red last 2-3 days,Serosa is pinkish brown last 3rd-10th day,Alba final discharge mostly leukocytes.

Front 72

Cervix postpartum

Back 72

appears flabby, formless and may look bruised. Returns to original form w/i few hours

Front 73

Ovarian Cycle

Back 73

cyclical changesin ovaries= Follicular phase-begins after menses and ends mid uterine cycle.Luteal Phase begins w/ graafian follicle ruptures and ovum is released. Menstuations occurs ~ 15 days after ovulation.

Front 74

Untreated Hyperbilirubinemia affects

Back 74

Nervous system

Front 75

Estrogen tx for postmenopause is containdicated with which
elevated serum labs?

Back 75

bilirubin