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106 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absorption
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The process by chich a drug passes into the blood stream
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Additional Factors affecting BP
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Age, stress, gender ( men typically higher than women before menopause), race (BP 2x higher in blacks, daily variations ( peaks in late eve), meds, and activity
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Adverse effects
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More severe side effects which may justify the discontinuation of drug
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Agonist
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A drug that interacts with a receptor to produce a response
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Ampule
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A small glass container for individual dosses of liquid medications
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Anaphylactic reaction
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A severe allergic reaction usually occurs immediately after the administration of a drug
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Another name for a 1ml syringe
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A TB syringe
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Apnea
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Absence of respirations
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Are all syringes marked in ml?
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No, some use cc's, which are interchangeable
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Arterial blood pressure
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The force exerted on the walls of an artery created by the pulsing of blood under pressure created by the heart
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Assessment
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Purpose of the phase of the nursing process is to establish a data base about The client's respose to health concerns or illness and the ablility to manage health care needs
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Axillary advantages
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Easily accessible site
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Axillary disadvanteges
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Does not represent core temp, placement can be difficult. requires pt cooperations
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Baseline BP
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Measurment in both arms should not deviate more than 10mmhg
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Basic dosage calculation formula
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Dose Ordered (x) Amount on hand = Amount to administer
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Bevel
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The part of the needle, which is the slanted part at the tip of the needle
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Biotransformation
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Process by which a drug is converted to less active form, also called detoxification
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Bradycardia
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Under 60bpm
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Bradypnea
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Slow respirations < 12 breaths per minute
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Brand name
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The name given by the drug manufacturer
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Buccal
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Pertaining to the cheek
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Can you interchange droppers between medications
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No. Each dropper has a specific size opening at the time and delivers a different amount. This is often due to the consistency or viscosity of the medication being delivered
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Cannula
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A tube with a lumen (channel) that is inserted into a cavity or duct and is often fittle with a trocar during insertion
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Canthus
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Medial and lateral margins of the eye
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Cardiac output
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CO=HRxSV
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Centigrade to Fahrenheit
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(Cx9/5)+32
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Chemical name
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The name by which a chemist knows the drug. Describes the constituents of the drug precisely
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Cheyn stokes breathing
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Apnea interspersed with regular respirations
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Closed ended questions
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A type of question that is used in the directive interview requiring a yes or no answers
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Conduction
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Transfer of heat from one object to another through direct contact convection transfer of heat away by air currents
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Core temperature
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Reflects temperature of deep tissues may range for 95 to 100.4f. Pulmonary artery temp is the gold standard
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Critical thinking
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1.Observation
2.Experience 3.Reflection 4.Reasoning 5.Communications |
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Cuff size
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The width of the cuff should be 40% of the circumference of the midpoint of the limb used.
ex arm=15 so cuff size is 15*.40=6 |
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Cumulative effect
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The increasing response to repeated dosses of a drug that occurs when the rate of administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion
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Define absorption
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The passage of medication molecules into the blood from its site of administration
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Define excretion
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After medications are metabolized, they exit the body through the kidneys, liver, bowel, lungs, and exocrine glands
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Define intradermal (ID)
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Injection into the dermis just under the epidermis
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Define intraosseous
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Medication administered directly into bone marrow
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Define intrathecal
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Medications administered into the subarachnoid space or into one of the ventricles of the brain
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Define mortality rate
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Number of individuals who have died over a certain period of time (usually 1 year) and is usually valued at deaths per 1000,000 people
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Define parenteral
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Medication administration where medications is injecting into body tissues
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Define pharmacokinetics
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How medications enter the body, reach their site or action, are metabolized and exit the body
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Define polypharmacy
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A client is taking many medications, prescribed or not in an attempt to treat seveeral disorders sumultaneously
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Define Subcutaneous (Sub-Q)
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injection into tissues just below the dermis of the skin
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Define toxic effects
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They may develop after a prolonged intoake of a medication, or when the medication accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism of excretion. Might be lethal
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Define transdermal disk or patch
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Disks with medicated ointment that can be applied for between 24-72 hours
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Delegation-Nursing responsiblities
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Nurse may delegate but she/she is resposible for Accuracy, interpretation, verification, communication, documentation
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Detoxification
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A process by chich a drug is converted to a less active form
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Diagnosing
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This is the phase of the nursing process that also involves analyzing and synthesizing data
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Diagnosing
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Purpose of this phase of the nursing process is to identify client's strengths and health Problems that can be prevented or resovled by collaborative and independent nursing interventions
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Diastolic blood pressure
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The pressure on the arteries when the heart is at rest. Heart relaxed. High diastolic means the heart is not recovering enough
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Difference: Crystalloid and Suspension form of a medication
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Crystalloid is a clear solution. Suspension is solid particles in liquid that separate when held in a container
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Diffusion
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The movement of Oxygen and Co2 between the alveoli and RBCs assessed by determining oxygen saturation
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Direct interview
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A highly structured interview, that elicits specific information. The nurse establishes the purpose and controls it.
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Distribution
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The transportation of a drug from its site of sbsorption to its site of action
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Diumal variations (Circadian rhythms) of Temp change though out the day.
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It is high in the morning and afternoon and low at sleeping time (4-6). Exercise, hard work or exercise increases the temperature.
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Drug
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A chemical compound taken for disease prevention, diagnosis, cure, or relief or to affect the structure or function of the body
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Drug abuse
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Excessive intake of a substance either continually or periodically
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Drug allergy
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An immunologic reaction to a drug
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Drug dependence
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Inability to keep the intake of a drug or substance under control
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Drug habituation
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A mild form of psychologic dependence on a drug.
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Drug half-life
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The time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of the drug to one half what it was at intitial administration
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Drug interaction
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The beneficial or harmful interaction of one drug with another drug
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Drug polymorphism
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A client's variation in respose to a drug is influenced by age, gender, size, and body composition
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Drug tolerance
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A condition in which successive increases in the dosage of a drug are required to maintain a given therapeutic effect
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Drug toxicity
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The quality of a drug that exerts a deleterious effect on an organism or tissue
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Ecchymosis
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Bluish discoloration of the skin
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Emergency assessment
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Purpose of this assessment is to campare clients current status to baseline data previously obtained
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Epidural
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Commonly used routes for parenteral administration into the lumbar spinal space
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Etiology of Pressure
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Pressure ulcers are due to localized ischemia. A deficiency in the blood supply to the tissue
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Eupnea
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Normal breathing 12-20 bpm
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Evaluating
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The phase of the nursing process that involves measuring degree to which goals/outcomes have been achieved and identifying factors that positively or negatively influence goal achievement
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Evaporation
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Transfer of heat energy when a liquid is turned to gas
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Example of secondary healing
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Secondary healing is extensive and invovles considerable tissue loss in which a the edges cannot or should not be approximated. An example of secondary heal is Pressure Ulcer.
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Example of primary healing
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Closed surgical incision tissue adhesive (liquid glue)
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Excretion
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Elimination of waste product produced by the bodies cells from the body
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Factors affecting respirations
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Age
Exercise Anxiety Altitude Disease Medications-Expecially opiates. |
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Factors influencing SpO2
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Monitoring-interference with light monitoring motion
Carbon monoxide poisoning will give false high 02 Dyes from studies Jaundice Nail varnish |
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Five activities of implementing
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Reassessing the client
Detemining nurses's need for assistance Implementing nursing interventions Supervising the delegated care Documenting nursing activities |
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Gastrostomy tube
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A tube which is surgically placed directly into the client's stomach and provides another route for administering nutrition and medications
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Gauge
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Diameter of the shaft
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Generic name
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A drug name not protected by trademark and usually describing the chemical structure of the drug
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Goal of the nursing process
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Identify a client's actual or potential health care need
Establish plans to meet identified needs. Deliver and evaluate specific nursing interventions to meet needs |
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Nursing process
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Client centered
Interpersonal and collaborative Universally applicable Focuses on problem solving and decision making |
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Head position for med admin to maxillary or frontal sinuses
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Over the side of the bed but tilted to the side
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Heart rate
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Number of ejections per minute
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High Normal BP
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130-139 systolic
85-89 diastolic |
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How do you breathe out after an inhaled medication?
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Through the nose or pursed lips
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How is cardiac output calculated?
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Stroke volume times HR
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How long should an inhaled medication be held in the lungs?
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About 10 seconds
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How many ounces are there in 30ml?
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One ounce
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How many times do you use a prefilled syringe?
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Only once
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Hub
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The part of the needle which fits onto the syringe
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Hypertension
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Asymptomatic disorder characterized by persistently elevated BP. One elevated reading does not qualify as diagnosis
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Hypertension stage 1
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140-159/85-89
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Hypertension stage 2
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160-179/100-110
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Hypertension stage 3
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180-209/110-119
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Hypertension stage 4
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>210 / >120
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Hypodermic
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Under the skin
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Hypodermic syringe
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Syring that comes in 2,2.5,3ml
two scales marked on it. Minums and milliliter |
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Nursing process
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Rational, continous, cyclical, dynamic, goal oriented, client centered, interpersonal, collaborative and universally applicable
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Five steps of the Nursng process
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Assessment
Diagnoses Analysis Plan Implement Evaluation |
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Assessing
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Health history
Physical assessment Review records Review Nursing Literature Consult support persons Consult health professionals Update data Organize data Validate data Communitcate data |
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Diagnosing
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To identify client srength and health problems that can be prevented or resolved by collaborative and independent nursing interventions.
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Analyze
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Compare against the standards
Cluster or group data Indentify gaps and insconsistencies Determine clients strengths,risks Formulate nursing diagnosis |
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Implementing
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To assist the client to meet desired goals/outcomes
Promoting wellness Prevent illness and disease Restore health Facilitate coping with altered functioning Reassess the client to update the database |
