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46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cyanosis can be detected with any skin tone by checking where? |
Lips and mucous membranes |
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Allergic response types that can cause contact dermatitis: |
Type 1: anaphylactic response Type 2: cytotoxic Type 3: immune complex Type 4: delayed cell mediated Type 5: delayed hypersensitivity |
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Normal skin pH |
pH 4.2 to 5.6 |
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When to apply skin moisturizes |
When the skin is damp. This locks in the moisture. |
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Chemical sunscreen types |
Chemical: PABA, Parsol, benzophenones, Cinnamatews, Salicylates Physical: titanium, zinc oxide |
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PABA is what type of sunscreen? What UV light does it block? |
Chemical Blocks UVB |
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Benzophenones is what type of sunscreen? What UV light does it block |
Chemical Blocks UVA & UVB |
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Titanium dioxide is what type of sunscreen? What UV light does it block? |
Physical Blocks UVA & UVB |
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Zinc Oxide is what type of sunscreen? What UV light does it block? |
Physical Blocks UVA & UVB |
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Acne Vulgaris |
Eruption of blackheads, cysts, papules, and pustules on an inflamed base. Develops during puberty and adolescence because of androgenic stimulation of sebum secretion with plugging of follicles by keratinization. |
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Actinic Keratosis |
Slowly developing, localized thickening and scaling of the outer layers of the skin consisting of hyperkeratotic papules and plaques as a result of chronic, prolonged exposure to the sun. |
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Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) |
Malignant epithelial cell tumour arising from epidermal basal cells that begins as a papule and enlarges peripherally, developing a central crater that erodes, crusts, and bleeds. |
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Cellulitis |
Inflammation of subcutaneous, loose connective tissue. |
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Cryosurgery |
The use of subfreezing temperatures to destroy epidermal lesions. |
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Curetage |
The removal and scooping away of tissue using an instrument with a circular cutting edge attached to a handle. |
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dysplastic nevus syndrome (DNS) |
pattern of atypical moles |
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Herpes zoster |
varicella-zoster virus infection, characterized by an eruption of groups of vesicles on one side of the body along the course of a nerve, caused by inflammation of ganglia and dorsal nerve roots. The condition is self-limited. |
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Impetigo |
Condition characterized by pruritus and an eruption of vesiculopustular lesions with a honey-coloured face, caused by group A beta hemolytic streptococci, staphylococci, or combination of both |
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Lichenification |
A thickening of skin as a result of the proliferation of keratinocytes, with accentuation of the normal markings of the skin. |
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Malignant melanoma |
A tumor arising in melanocytes |
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Psoriasis |
An inherited condition that is common and is characterized by the eruption of reddish, silver-scaled maculopapules, predominantly on hte elbows, knees, scalp, and trunk. |
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Sun wavelength Long (UVA) causes what? |
Can produce elastic tissue damage and actinic skin damage Contributes to formation of skin cancer |
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Sun wavelength Middle (UVB) causes what? |
Causes sunburn and cumulative effect of sun damage Major factor in development of skin cancer. |
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SPF stands for? |
Sun protection factor (SPF) |
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The 2 types of contact dermatitis |
Irritant contact dermatitis & Allergic contact dermatitis |
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Types of antibiotics for skin disorders |
Topical & Systemic |
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Types of topical antibiotics for skin disorders |
OTC's: bacitracin, polymyxin Prescription: mupirocin, gentamycin, erythromycin |
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Systemic antibiotics for skin disorders |
Penicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline |
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Most effective corticosteroid for skin disorders |
Topical ointment |
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Abrupt stop of corticosteroids can cause what dermatitis issue? |
Reappearance of the dermatitis |
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Non sedating antihistamines |
Cetrizine (Reactine) fexofenadine (Allegra) Loratidine (Claritin) |
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Antihistamines can have anticholinergic effects which require extra monitoring in elderly due to what? |
Long half life due to inefficiency in kidney/liver clearance Dizziness |
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Medications that can cause photosensitivity |
Anticancer (methotrexate, vinorelbine) Antidepressants (amitriptyline, clomipraimine) Antiarrythmics (quinidine, amiodarone) Antihistamines (diphenhydramine, chlorpheniramine) Diuretics (furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide) Antipsychotics (chlorpromazine, haloperidol) Hypoglycemics (tolbutamide, glipizide) Antibiotics (quinolone aka cipro, tetracycline, sulfa drugs. |
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# 1 priority for burn care patients? |
Airway management |
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What is a PEEP valve? |
Positive and expiratory pressure valve. |
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Fluid replacement for burns is needed when burns are greater than "Blank" % BSA? |
15% BSA (body surface area) |
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Types of IV fluids for burn patients |
Crystalloids, colloids, or a combo |
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When time should colloidal IV solutions be given to burn patients? |
from 12 to 24 hours after burn injury. It is important for capillary permeability to be near normal otherwise further loss to interstitial spaces may occur. |
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Urine output goal for burn patients? |
0.5 to 1ml/kg/hour 75 to 100ml/hour for electrical burn patients |
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Baxter formula for fluid resuscitation |
TBSA burned = total fluid replacement for first 24 hours. 50% of total in first 8 hr 25% of total in second 8 hr 25% of total in third 8 hr |
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Escharotomy |
surgical incision in an eschar (necrotic dermis) to lessen constriction. |
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Fasciotomy |
Used for compartment syndrome! When the fascia is cut to relieve pressure or tension. |
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Contractures |
shortening, hardening of muscles, tendons, or other tissue. Often leading to deformity and rigidity of joints. |
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Most common causes of burns in elderly? |
32.2% flame burns 15.7% scalding burns |
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What age relating changes in skin make elderly more susceptible to full thickness injury? |
Very thin epidermis & dermis reduced sensation reduced blood supply (sometimes) |
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Three burn classifications |
superficial, partial-thickness, full-thickness |
