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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Manubriosternal angle
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articulationof manubrium and body of the sternum.
Also called "angle of louis" and Sternal angle. Useful place to start counting ribs |
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Suprasternal notch
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hollow U shape depress just above the sternum in between clavicles.
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Thoracic Landparks Posterior
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C7- Vertebra Prominens
T1-T12 Spinous Process Clavicle Scapula Inferior angle of scapula |
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Function of Acinus
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respiratory unit that consist of bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, and alveoli.
Gas exchange occurs here in alveolar duct and alveoli. |
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Cough throughout the day can be.
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acute illness e.g. respiratory infecttion
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Cough during afternoon/evening may
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reflect exposure to irritants at work
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Cough at night can be caused by..
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post nasal drips, sinusitis
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Cough early in the morning can be caused by..
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Chronic bronhial inflammation of smokers.
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Hemoptysis define
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coughing of blood
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Characteristics of sputum: White or clear
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cold, bronchitis, viral infection
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Characteristics of sputum:yellow/green
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bacterial infections
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Characteristics of sputum:rust colored
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tuberculosis, pneumococcal pneumonia
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Characteristics of sputum:pink,frothy
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pulmonary edema
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Characteristics of cough:hacking
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mycoplasma pneumonia
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Characteristics of cough:dry
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early heart failure
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Characteristics of cough:barking
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croup
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Characteristics of cough:congested
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colds,bronchitis, pneumonia
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orthopnea define, characteristics
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difficulty breathing when lying down, number of pillows to achieve comfort (2 pillow orthopnea)
cause by COPD. |
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Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea define, explain why can cause heart failure?
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is awakening from sleep with SOB and need to be upright to achieve comfort. (Diaphoresis- night sweats, and cyanosis-bluish color)
during AM cough starts, at PM can continue with post nasal drips, if supine during sleep, fluid can accumulate back to lungs, can become pulmonary edema(pink/frothy sputum), SOB due to trouble breathing and heart failure occur. |
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Abnormal Position for person to breath: Tripod position, what type of patients are affcted?
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people with COPD often sit in tripod position, this gives them leverage so that their rectus abdominis, intercostals, and accessory muscles all can aid in EXPIRATION.
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Name the 3 normal sounds heard over lung fields?
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Bronchial:(Esophagus) Loud/harsh/tubular
Bronchovesicular:(Bifurcate are of trachea and bronchi) moderate pitch and amplitude, less loud Vesicular:(Over lung fields where air flows through bronchioles and alveoli) Low pitch, soft, quiet, gentle. |
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Why do older adults have less tolerance for activity?
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they have less efficient respiratory system by decreased vital capacity, less surface area for gas exchange.
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Sedentary or bedridden people are more at risk for..
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higher risk for respiratory dysfunction.
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Why do activities decrease for older adults
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because of increasing of shortness of breath due to less surface area of gas exchange.
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What is a barrel chest?
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Anteroposterior is equal to transverse diamter. this can occur in chronic emphysema for hyper inflation of lungs.
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why are neck muscles hyperatrophied in COPD patients?
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because muscles are work harder to aid FORCED respiration.
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Where do you ausculate for upper lungs?
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Anterior chest
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where do you ausculate for lower lungs?
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Posterior chest
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how many lobes does the Right lung have?
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3 lobes, the Right lungs is shorter and sider because of the placement of liver.
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How many lobes does the Left lungs have?
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2 lobes, it is narrower and longer because of the placement of the heart.
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where in the lung fields do you hear problems commonly? why?
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lower lobe of lungs due to gravity.
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Costal angle define?
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Right/Left costal margins form angle where they meet xiphoid process. 90 degrees.
this angle increases because rig cage is chronically inflated such as emphysema. |
