Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
what is glycogenolysis?
|
breaking glycogen into glucose to use
|
|
|
what is gluconeogenesis?
|
making glucose from glycerol
|
|
|
what is glycogenesis?
|
making glucose into glycogen for storage
|
|
|
what is positive nitrogen balance?
|
when intake of nitrogen is greater than the output
|
|
|
what is negative nitrogen balance?
|
when output of nitrogen is greater than the intake
|
|
|
what is the normal BMI for an adult?
|
18.5-24.9
25-30 = overweight above 30 = obese |
|
|
what is hypoglycemia?
|
low blood sugar
|
|
|
what is hyperglycemia?
|
high blood sugar
|
|
|
what does albumin indicate in someone's lab contents?
|
long term problem
|
|
|
what does pre-albumin or transferrin indicate in someone's lab contents?
|
short term problem, days
|
|
|
what is a nasogastric tube?
|
for feeding or suction purposes, in nose down stomach
|
|
|
what is a nasoenteric tube?
|
in nose down to duodenum, past stomach
|
|
|
what is lumen?
|
opening, size is measured on French scale which is different than gage
|
|
|
what is cyclic tube feeding?
|
infuse formula for a set number of hours (e.g. 8-12 hours overnight). A cyclic feeding schedule should be considered for patients for whom free time off the pump is desired.
|
|
|
what is intermittent or bolus tube feeding?
|
can be administered by gravity drip or syringe bolus for those patients with gastric feeding tubes.
|
|
|
what is continuous tube feeding?
|
a continuous infusion to establish tolerance to enteral nutrition therapy
|
|
|
what does parenteral mean?
|
anything through vascular system
|
|
|
what is the difference between PPN and TPN?
|
PPN can use any vein and a TPN needs a large vein because it is a hypertonic solution
|
|
|
what is a lipid emulsion?
|
provides supplemental kilocalories, may cause high BG so may be given insulin to counteract
|
|
|
what is ventilation?
|
breathing .. inhaling and exhaling at the alveolar level
|
|
|
what is respiration?
|
gas exchange, tissue and organ level
|
|
|
what is perfusion?
|
the pumping of oxygenated blood to the tissue and return deoxygenated blood to the lungs
|
|
|
what happens at the tissue level?
|
O2 in the blood->tissues
CO2 in the tissues->blood |
|
|
what happens in the alveoli?
|
O2 in the lungs->blood
CO2 in the blood->lungs |
|
|
what position helps most with oxygen intervention?
|
folwers, sit them up
|
|
|
how do you decide if you use a naso or oro pharyngeal?
|
oro is when they are not conscious
naso is when they are conscious ---don't affect gag |
|
|
what is the difference between endotracheal tube and tracheostomy tube?
|
endo goes through the mouth and is short term (14 days) tracheos is long term and directly put into the trachea through a hole
|
|
|
what do tendons do?
|
hold muscle to bone
|
|
|
what do ligaments do?
|
create the joint, bone to bone
|
|
|
where is balance control located?
|
cerebellum and inner ear
|
|
|
what is proprioception?
|
where you are in space
|
|
|
what are osteoblasts?
|
build bones, construction crew
|
|
|
what are osteoclasts?
|
maintain and housekeep
|
|
|
what is a synarthroses?
|
joint that does not move, skull
|
|
|
what is amphiarthroses?
|
joint that has some movement, pelvis
|
|
|
what is diarthroses?
|
lots of movement, shoulder, ball and socket, hinge
|
|
|
what are the 3 types of muscle?
|
skeletal
smooth cardiac |
|
|
what are the types of nervous system?
|
autonomic and somatic
|
|
|
what are the types of the autonomic nervous system?
|
sympathetic-fight/flight
parasympathetic-rest/digest both no thinking, work on own |
|
|
what is the reflex arc?
|
sensation-brain-back
|
|
|
what is isometric exercise?
|
contracting muscles/not moving
|
|
|
what is isotonic exercise?
|
moving and toning
|
|
|
what is isokinetic exercise?
|
using a machine for ROM --orthopedic
|
|
|
what is aerobic exercise?
|
walking, jogging, using 02
|
|
|
what is anaerobic exercise?
|
sprinting, not using 02, but driven by other metabolic reactions
|
|
|
what is syndactylism?
|
webbed fingers/toes
|
|
|
what is developmental dysplasia of the hip?
|
early hip replacements
|
|
|
what is a foot deformity?
|
club foot, inverted
|
|
|
what is scoliosis?
|
curved spine
|
|
|
what is osteogenesis?
|
brittle bones
|
|
|
what is achondroplasia?
|
early hardening of the bones, too soon, dwarfism
|
|
|
what is paget's disease?
|
lose bone and reforms soft and curved
|
|
|
what is rheumatoid arthritis?
|
auto immune, body attacks joints and ruins them
|
|
|
what is osteoarthritis?
|
degenerative joint disease, lose cartilage
|
|
|
what is ankylosing spondylitis?
|
auto immune, fusion of the spine
|
|
|
what is gout?
|
uric acid build up, irritation
|
|
|
what is osteoporosis?
|
holy bones, lose bone density
|
|
|
what is osteomyelitis?
|
inflammation/infection in the bone
|
|
|
what is a strain?
|
tendone and muscle
|
|
|
what is a sprain?
|
ligament and joint
|
|
|
what is myasthenia gravis?
|
creates severe weakness
|
|
|
what is parkinson's?
|
dopamine, rigid, shuffling gait
|
|
|
what is crepitus?
|
popping or grinding of joints
|
|
|
what is the difference between activity intolerance and fatigue?
|
activity intolerance is helped with rest and fatigue is not
|
