Nursing 1St Semester- Pharm: Gi, Nutritional Supp

Front 1

3 actions of antacids

Back 1

work by neutralizing stomach acid
stimulate secretion of mucous
increase tone of cardiac sphincter (makes stomach more resistant to irritation, reduces cancer risk)

Front 2

________ may be added to antacids to reduce gas pain by causing gas bubbles to break apart so they can be burped up or passed on

Back 2

Simethicone

Front 3

Indications for use of antacids

Back 3

PUD
Gastrits
Gastric hyperacidity
GERD (heartburn)

Front 4

Patients with severe renal failure should take _____ based antacids because they are milder than magnesium and calcium

Back 4

aluminum

Front 5

Magnesium can cause an adverse effect of

Back 5

diarrhea

Front 6

Aluminum can cause an adverse effect of

Back 6

constipation

Front 7

Calcium can cause 2 adverse effects

Back 7

constipation, kidney stones

Front 8

If a patient is experiencing constipation or diarrhea dr. miht switch them to ___________________so they effects are cancelled out.

Back 8

an aluminum & magnesium combo

Front 9

Antacids are to be given within ___ to ____ hours of other medications because it can decrease the absorption of other drugs.

Back 9

1-2

Front 10

If a patient suddenly stops taking antacids what can happen?

Back 10

rebound hyperacidity

Front 11

H2 antagonists block the H2 receptors in the ____-producing ___ cells in the stomach, making these cells less responsive and resulting in an _____ in pH of the stomach and a relief of symptoms

Back 11

acid-producing parietal cells, increases pH

Front 12

H2 antagonists are indicated for 3 things:

Back 12

GERD, PUD, erosive esophagitis

Front 13

Patients taking H2 antagonists should be taught to avoid what 4 things due to their irritating effects on the GI tract

Back 13

caffeine, aspirin, NSAIDS, alcohol
CANA

Front 14

Name 3 H2 antagonists

Back 14

Cimetidine (Tagament)
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Ranitidine (Zantac)

Front 15

PPI stands for

Back 15

Proton Pump Inhibitors

Front 16

PPI's work by irreversibly binding to the proton pump, preventing movement of the ____ ions out of the parietal cells and blocking the ____ secretion.

Back 16

hydrogen ions, acid secretion

Front 17

PPi's are used for:

Back 17

symptomatic GERD, short term treatment of duodenal ulcers and ulcers caused by H. Pylori

Front 18

Duodenal and gastric ulcers caused by H. Pylori are treated with...

Back 18

tetracycline, clarithromycin, H2 blockers, antibiotics

Front 19

Long term use of PPI's has been linked to

Back 19

hip fractures

Front 20

Patients taking PPIs may experience an increased chance of bleeding if they take the drug ________

Back 20

Coumadin

Front 21

When should PPIs be taken?

Back 21

Before a meal

Front 22

3 PPI's

Back 22

pmeprazole (Prilosec)
pantoprazole (Protonix)
esomeprazole (Nexium)

Front 23

causes of diarrhea

Back 23

bacteria
drugs
diabetes
hyperthyroid
nutritional factors
parasites
protozoa

protozoa

Front 24

______ are given to patients with diarrhea

Back 24

adsorbents

Front 25

Adsorbents work by

Back 25

coating the wall of GI tract and bind bacteria to their surface

Front 26

An example of an adsorbent salicylate is

Back 26

Pepto Bismol

Front 27

Anticholinergics treat diarrhea by ______ peristalsis which ____ the GI tract

Back 27

decrease , slow

Front 28

An example of an anticholinergic is ______

Back 28

Donnatal

Front 29

Diarrhea can also be treated with an intestinal flora modifier like ______ ____ and is often given to a patient after finishing antibiotic therapy

Back 29

lactobacillus acidophilus
(Lactinex)

Front 30

______ is a classification of drugs that reduce bowel botility and the transit time of food from the GI tract, giving longer for ____ and ______ to be absorbed

Back 30

water, electrolyes

Front 31

An example of an opiate to treat diarrhea is _____

Back 31

Imodium (loperamide)

Front 32

Pepto Bismol is contraindicated in teens and children with ____ ____ or ____ because it can sometimes cause a fatal condition as ____ _____.

Back 32

chicken pox, influenza
Reye's Syndrome

Front 33

Opiate antidiarrheals can have an additive CNS depressive effect if given in combination with ____ , ______, or ______

Back 33

alcohol, sedatives, narcotics

Front 34

Peptol Bismol can cause an increased risk of bleeding if given with ___ or ____

Back 34

Aspirin or NSAIDS

Front 35

Constipation can be treated 3 ways:

Back 35

increase fiber intake
increase physical activity
pharmacologic meds

Front 36

Bulk forming medications act in a similar manner to fiber in the diet, absorbing water into the ____ which increases bulk in stools

Back 36

intestine

Front 37

________ is a bulk-forming medication that must be taken with 8 oz. of water (liberal amounts) to prevent _____ _______ or ______ ______

Back 37

esophageal obstruction or fecal impaction

Front 38

Emolients either lubricate the stool (mineral oil) or act as a ____ softener such as _____

Back 38

fecal, Colace

Front 39

Anti-emetics are drugs given to relieve _____ and _____

Back 39

nausea and vomitting

Front 40

Anticholinergics that block acetylcholine receptors in the brain so that nausea signals cannot be transmitted to the CTZ. An example is a ______

Back 40

scopolamine

Front 41

Anti-histamines bind to the H1 receptors are the safest drug for nausea/vomitting. 2 medications are:

Back 41

meclizine (Antivert)
diphenhydramine (Bendadryl)

Front 42

Neuroleptics prevent nausea and vomiting by blocking dopamine in the CTZ. Examples include ___, ___, and ___-

Back 42

Compazine, Thorazine, and Promethazine

Front 43

Prokinetics that stimulate peristalsis in the GI tract ans so enhances emptying of the stomach contents in the duodenum. Example is ___

Back 43

metocopramide (Reglan)

Front 44

Serotonin blockers who block serotonin in the GI tract, the CTZ, and the Vomitting Center An example is:

Back 44

ondanestron (Zofran)

Front 45

A med in the THC class is ____ and these are best used for cancer and AIDS

Back 45

Marinol

Front 46

Enteral nutrition is the provision of foods or nutritients through the GI tract. This type of nutrition is used as a supplement for patients unable to consume or digest normal food or patients who are undernourished due to ___

Back 46

disease