Nursing 158 Gwcc Quiz 3

Front 1

Blood

Back 1

Blood consists of blood cells (RBC, WBC & Platelets) & Plasma

Front 2

Plasma

Back 2

Is mostly water, carries substance(food, hormones & chemicals) that cells need to function

Front 3

Red Blood Cells (RBC) Erythrocytes

Back 3

1.Hemoglobin gives the blood its red color. Picks up O2 & carries it to the the cells.
2. Cells release CO2(waste product). It is picked up by the hemoglobin. RBC filled with CO2 is dark red blood

Front 4

White Blood Cells (WBC) Leukocytes

Back 4

Protects the body from infection

Front 5

Platelets

Back 5

Promote blood clotting

Front 6

Hypertension ( The silent Killer)

Back 6

Systolic Pressure is 140 mm Hg or higher.
Diastolic pressure is 90 mm Hg or higher

Front 7

Pre-Hypertension

Back 7

Systolic Pressure is between 120-139 mm Hg
Diastolic Pressure is between 80-89

Front 8

Hypertension

Back 8

Signs & symptoms
1. Headache
2. Blurred Vision
3. Dizziness
4. Nose bleeds

Can lead to
1. Stroke
2. Hardening of the arteries
3. Heart Attacks
4. Heart Failure
5. Kidney Failure
6. Blindness

Front 9

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Back 9

1. The coronary arteries become hardened and narrow
2. The heart muscle get less blood and oxygen

Front 10

Athersclerosis

Back 10

Plaque (made from cholesterol, fat & other substance collect in the artery walls
3. Blood clots can form along the plaque and block blood flow

Front 11

Major complications of CAD

Back 11

1. Angina
2. Myocardial infarction (Heart Attach)
3. Irregular Heartbeats
4. Sudden Death

Front 12

Cardiac Rehabillitation

Back 12

1. Exercise training
2. Education, counseling and training

Front 13

Exercise Training

Back 13

The person learns to exercise safely. Exercises are done to strengthen muscles and increase stamina (based the persons abilities and needs and intrests)

Front 14

Education, counseling and training

Back 14

1. Learns about his/her heart condition
2. How to reduce the risk of future problems
3. How to adjust to a new life-style
4. How to deal with fears about the future

Front 15

Angina

Back 15

Chest pain from reduces blood flow to of the heart muscle (myocardium). The heart needs more O2

Front 16

Angina(Chest pain)

Back 16

1. Tighness
2. Pressure
3. Squeezing
4. Burning in the chest

Front 17

Angina Signs & Symptoms

Back 17

1. Chest pain
2. Pain in shoulders, one or both arms neck, jaw, back
3. Dyspnea
4. Nausea
5. Fatigue
6. weakness
7. Person may appear pale, feel faint and perspire
8. Some complain of gas or indigestion

Front 18

Myocardial Infarction

Back 18

Part of the heart muscles dies. This is due to the blood flow to the heart is suddenly blocked. A thrombus (blood clot) blocks blood flow in an artery with atherosclerosis. The damaged area may be small or large

Front 19

MI (Myocardial Infarction) signs & symptoms

Back 19

1. Chest pain
More sever and last longer than angina
Sudden, severe; usually on the left side
Described as crushing, stabbing squeezing or as someone sitting on the chest
Not relieved by rest and nitroglycerin
2. Pain or numbness in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach
3. Indigestion or "heartburn"
4. Dyspnea
5. Nausea
6. Dizziness
7. Perspiration & cold, clammy skin
8. Pallor or cyanosis
9. Blood pressure low
10. Pulse weak and irregular
11. Fear apprehension and a feeling of doom

Front 20

Heart Failure

Back 20

occurs when the weakened heart can not pump normally. Blood backs up. Tissue congestion occurs

Front 21

LT sided Heart Failure

Back 21

1. Blood backs up into the lungs.
2. Respiratory congestion occurs
3. Dyspnea
4. Increased sputum, cough & gurgling sounds of the lungs
5. Poor blood flow to the brain, causing confusion, dizziness & fainting
6. Kidneys produce less urine
7. Skin in pale
8. Blood pressure falls

Front 22

RT sided Heart Failure

Back 22

1. Blood backs up into the venous system
2. Feet & ankles swell
3. Neck veins bulge
4. Liver congestion affect liver functions
5. The abdomen is congested with fluid
6. less blood is pumped to the lungs (lt side of the heart receives less blood from the lungs, lt side has less blood pumped to the body)
7. Pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)

Front 23

How to reduce CAD risk factors

Back 23

1. Promote rest & activity as ordered
2. Measure intake & outtake (I&O)
3. Measuring weight daily
4. Assisting with the pulse oximetry
5. Restricting fluids as ordered
6. Promoting a diet the is low in sodium, fat & cholesterol
7. Preventing skin breakdown & pressure ulcers
8. Assisting with range of motion (ROM) & other exercises
9. Assisting with transfers & ambulation
10. Assisting with self-care activities
11. Maintaining good alignment
12. Applying elastic stockings

Front 24

Dysrhythmia

Back 24

Abnormal heart rhythm. The rhythm is too fast, slow or irregular.

Front 25

Dysrhythmia (causes)

Back 25

changes in the hearts electrical system.
1. Hypertension
2. CAD
3. MI
4. Heart Failure
Weakening & changes on the heart muscles caused by
1. Drugs
2. Alcohol abuse
3. Excess caffeine intake
4. Thyroid problems

Front 26

Dysrhythmia Signs & Symptoms

Back 26

1. Dizzy or light headed & have fluttering in the chest
2. chest pain
3. or dyspnea
4. The person may faint

Front 27

Defibrillation (cardioversion)

Back 27

An electric shock is given to stop an abnormal rhythm

Front 28

Ablation

Back 28

Areas of tissue in the heart sending abnormal electrical signals are destroyed

Front 29

Pacemaker

Back 29

A device monitors & regulate the hearts rhythm. The device is inserted under the skin near the heart. The pacemaker send signal through the leads to stimulate the heart to beat normally

Front 30

Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD)

Back 30

Delivers a shock when the heart is in a life-threatening rhythm. The shock allows the return of a regular heart rhythm.