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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is DM?
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Diabetes Mellitus
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how does type 1 diabetes work?
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beta cell destruction leading to absolute insulin deficiency, autoimune, idiopathic.
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how does type 2 diabetes work?
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ranges from insulin resistance with insulin deficiency to secretory deficit with insulin resistance.
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name specific conditions of hyperglycemia!
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beta cell function, insulin action, pancreatitis,
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what is gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)?
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glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy, diagnosis is based on results of a 100g oral glucose tolerance test during pregnancy.
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what is Glucagon?
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its a counter regulatory hormone that has actions opposite to those of insulin. it causes release of glucose from cell storage sites when ever blood glucose levels are low.
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what does DM stand for?
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Diabetes Mellitus
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where does insulin transport glucose to?
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muscle, liver and fat cells
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true or false
it costs 2.5 times more to take care of a pt with DM! |
true
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what is the seventh leading cause of death?
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Diabetes
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how many units of insulin per day are going into the Liver?
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40 to 50 units
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causes of hyperglycemia?
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Not enough insulin or inadequate insulin action.
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what does Mellitus means?
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Sweet
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what does diabetes means?
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Running water
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what is DM?
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a group of elevated levels of metabolic disease of elevated levels of glucose in the blood resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both.
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Cells that promote glucose production!
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pancreatic alpha-cells
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During Fasting state when the stomach is empty Plasma glucose is maintained between what parameters?
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70 and 100 mg/dL
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True or False
fatty acids can be used as fuel when glucose is absent! |
true
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What is the main fuel for the CNS Cells
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Glucose
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Ketogenesis
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Conversion of Fats To Acids
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Gluconeogenesis
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Conversion of protein to glucose
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Parandial Insulin Secretion
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Increased Levels After Eating
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Basal Insulin Secreation
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Low levels during Fasting
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how does type 2 diabetes work?
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Hyper glycemia results from excessive glucose production and reduced glucose uptake in to the cells due to combination of insulin resistant and deficient insulin secretion.
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name specific conditions of hyperglycemia!
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beta cell function, insulin action, pancreatitis
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what is gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)?
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glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy, diagnosis is based on results of a 100g oral glucose tolerance test during pregnancy.
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what is Glucagon?
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its a counter regulatory hormone that has actions opposite to those of insulin. it causes release of glucose from cell storage sites when ever blood glucose levels are low.
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what is type 1 diabetes
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beta cell destruction leading to absolute insulin deficiency, autoimune, idiopathic.
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what does DM stand for?
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Diabetes Mellitus
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what is Metabolic syndrome?
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Abdominal obesity w/ waist circ>40 inches in me and >35inches in woman, w/ triglicerides >150mg/dL, HDL cholesterol <40,BP >130/85, fasting BG>100mg/dL, acanthosis nigricans.
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What is the Autoimmune problem w/ diabetes type 1
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Selective destruction of B-cells by t-cells and antibodies.
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what plasma hormones regulate glucose?
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Insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, cortisol and growth hormones.
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Normal plasma glucose is?
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70-100mg/d
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Glycogenesis
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promotes storage of glycogen in the liver.
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what lowers blood sugar levels and transports glucose from blood into cells?
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Insulin
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Glycogeneolysis
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glycogen broken down to glucose.
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what causes release of glucose from cell storage sites when blood glucose is low?
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Glucagon
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what product is secreted by alpha cells in response to decrease blood sugar!
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Glucagon
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where does insulin transport glucose to?
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muscle, liver and fat cells
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