Nurse307_Breast

Front 1

location of breast

Back 1

in front (anterior) to the pectoralis major and serratus, between 2nd/6th ribs, extend from sternum to midaxillary line

Front 2

Tail of Spence

Back 2

- projects up and laterally into the axilla

Front 3

Nipple

Back 3

rough, round and usually protrudes - wrinkled and indented with tiny milk duct openings

Front 4

Areola

Back 4

surrounds the nipple, 1-2 cm radius

Front 5

Montogomery’s Glands

Back 5

small elevated sebaceous glands. Secrete a protective lipid material during lactation

Front 6

Glandular Tissue

Back 6

composed of lobules which consist of clusters of
alveoli that produce milk

Front 7

Cooper’s Ligaments

Back 7

fibrous bands that attach to chest wall muscles. supports breast tissues

Front 8

Gynecomastia

Back 8

enlarged breast tissue in males, usually temporary and unilateral

Front 9

Dimpling of breast is a sign of

Back 9

cancer

Front 10

Peau d’Orange

Back 10

orange peel look –>cancer (lymphatic obstruction produces edema,exaggerating the hair follicles giving the orange peel look.

Front 11

Nipple Retraction vs Nipple Inversion

Back 11

recent retraction –> cancer;

long term nipple inversion –> normal variation

Front 12

Prominent Venous Pattern

Back 12

breast tumor

Front 13

list Fibrocystic Breast Disease or Benign Breast Disease.

Back 13

1. Swelling and tenderness (cyclic discomfort)
2. Mastalgia (severe pain - both cyclic and noncyclic)
3. Nodularity - significant lumpiness (cyclic and noncyclic)
4. Dominant lumps (cysts and fibroadenomas)
5. Nipple discharge (duct ectasia)
6. Infections and inflammations (mastitis, abscess)

Front 14

Swelling and tenderness

Back 14

cyclic discomfort)

Front 15

Mastalgia

Back 15

(severe pain - both cyclic and noncyclic). Occurs with trauma, inflammation, infection, and benign breaset disease

Front 16

Nodularity

Back 16

significant lumpiness (cyclic and noncyclic)

Front 17

Dominant lumps

Back 17

(cysts and fibroadenomas)

Front 18

Nipple discharge

Back 18

(duct ectasia)

Front 19

Lymph nodes at the breast

Back 19

Lymph
Central Axillary
Pectoral Nodes
Subscapular Nodes
Lateral Nodes
Parasternal Nodes
Infraclavicular -

Front 20

Male Breast

Back 20

- usually undeveloped tissue underlying the nipple

Front 21

Inspect skin

Back 21

skin texture and color; note any edema, bulging or dimpling

Front 22

Inspect nipple

Back 22

note symmetry, skin color, texture or lesions (inverted nipples may be a normal variation)

Front 23

Supernumerary Nipple

Back 23

an extra nipple along the embryonic “milk line” on the thorax and abdomen is a congenital finding

Front 24

Screen for retraction

Back 24

ask pt to lift arms slowly over the head (breast should move symmetrically). Next ask pt to push hands onto her hips then 2 palms together (the pectoralis major should lift slightly)

Front 25

Palpation of axillae

Back 25

lift pt arm while in sitting position and palpate high into theaxillary area

Front 26

Palpation of breasts

Back 26

supine position, pt arm overhead palpate breast tissue using one of two patterns(spokes on a wheel or concentric circles), also include tail of spence in palpation

Front 27

Palpate nipple

Back 27

“milk” your fingers toward the nipple, repeat from different
directions, gently squeeze nipple - note any discharge (color and consistency)

Front 28

If a lump/mass is noted - note these characteristics

Back 28

A. Location - describe as a clock
B. Size - in 3 dimensions (cm)
C. Shape
D. Consistency
E. Movable – can u move it?
F. Distinctness - is the lump solitary or multiple. Well bordered,
G. Nipple - is it displaced or retracted
H. Note the skin over the lump - is it erythematous, dimpled or retracted
I. Tenderness – when u push on it, does it hurt?
J. Lymphadenopathy
LSS-ON-CMN-TL

Front 29

sign of cancer

Back 29

greater than 1 cm, hard as a rock, can’t move, not have well defined border. Retraction of nipple, has prominent venous pattern, nontender.

Front 30

sign of benign breast condition

Back 30

Less than 1cm , round oval shape, firm, move around, defined edges, no nipple discharge

Front 31

why do u have to wait to turn 40 to get mammogram

Back 31

breast at age 20-30 has very dense tissue and mammogram cannot pick it up. But you can use ultrasound.

Front 32

when is it best to do breast self-examination

Back 32

4-7 days after menstrual cycle

Front 33

what do you include in your breast palpation

Back 33

include tail of spence, complete axillary area, infraclavicular lymph nodes.
Pattern.