Nurs 305 Exam 1 [Ch. 1, 5, 15]

Front 1

Identify the theory of Patricia Benner discussed in class.

Back 1

Theory of novice to expert passes through 5 levels of proficiency when acquiring and developing general or specialized nursing skills

Front 2

Describe the following level of proficiency according to the Benner's Novice to Expert theory: novice.

Back 2

Beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in home health)

Front 3

Describe the following level of proficiency according to the Benner's Novice to Expert theory: advanced beginner.

Back 3

nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation. This experience may only be observational in nature, but the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care

Front 4

Describe the following level of proficiency according to the Benner's Novice to Expert theory: competent.

Back 4

nurse who has been in the same clinical position for 2 to 3 years. This nurse understands the organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or orthopedic patients)

Front 5

Describe the following level of proficiency according to the Benner's Novice to Expert theory: proficient.

Back 5

nurse with more than 2 to 3 years of experience in the same clinical position. This nurse perceives a patient's clinical situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation; nurse focused on managing care as opposed to performing skills and managing

Front 6

Describe the following level of proficiency according to the Benner's Novice to Expert theory: expert.

Back 6

nurse with diverse experience who has an intuitive grasp of an existing or potential clinical problem

Front 7

Identify the 5 levels of proficiency according to Benner's theory.

Back 7

Novice
Advanced Beginner
Competent
Proficient
Expert

Front 8

Identify 6 issues influencing healthcare in the workplace.

Back 8

-Language Barriers
-Personal bias
-Cultural competence
-Inaccurate assumptions
-Gender biases
-Increased Acuity

Front 9

Identify 9 issues influencing healthcare in the community.

Back 9

-Increasing geriatric population
-Myth of “melting pot”
-Lack of Health Care Insurance
-Poor access to Health Care
-High unemployment rate in Las Vegas
-Transient population
-Poor education/illiteracy
-Limited public resources
-Growing shortage of primary care physicians

Front 10

nursing code of ethics for professional registered nurses

Back 10

principles of right and wrong to provide patient care

Front 11

Describe the role of 'advocate'.

Back 11

protects the patient's human and legal right to make choices about his or her care; provide additional information to help a patient decide whether or not to accept a treatment or find an interpreter to help family members communicate their concerns

Front 12

evidence-based practice

Back 12

integrates best current evidence with clinical expertise and patient/family preferences and values for delivery of optimal health care.

Front 13

The examination for RN licensure is ________ in every state in the United States

different/the same

Back 13

the same

Front 14

Identify why the NCLEX-RN is the same in every state.

Back 14

Provides a minimal standard of knowledge for a registered nurse in practice

Front 15

Health care reform will bring changes in the emphasis of care; identify the model that is expected from health care reform?

Back 15

Moving from an acute illness to a health promotion, illness prevention model

Front 16

Identify the 2 types of nurses that have the authority to write prescriptions.

Back 16

Nurse practitioner
Certified clinical nurse specialist

Front 17

nurse researcher

Back 17

investigates problems to improve nursing care and to further define and expand the scope of nursing practice

Front 18

Describe the following type of education: in-service education.

Back 18

instruction or training provided by a health care agency or institution

Front 19

The Nursing Process is the _______________.

Back 19

foundation of clinical decision making.

Front 20

Describe the role of 'caregiver'.

Back 20

you help patients maintain and regain health, manage disease and symptoms, and attain a maximal level function and independence through the healing process

Front 21

Describe the role of 'educator'.

Back 21

explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient's progress in learning

Front 22

The ____________ is the most independently functioning nurse.

Back 22

advanced practice registered nurse (APRN)

Front 23

clinical nurse specialist (CNS)

Back 23

an APRN who is an expert clinician in a specialized area of practice

Front 24

certified nurse-midwife (CNM)

Back 24

an APRN who is also educated in midwifery and is certified by the American College of Nurse-Midwives

Front 25

certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA)

Back 25

an APRN with advanced education in a nurse anesthesia accredited program; provide surgical anesthesia under the guidance and supervision of an anesthesiologist

Front 26

nurse administrator

Back 26

manages patient care and the delivery of specific nursing services within a health care agency

Front 27

nurse educator

Back 27

works primary in schools, staff development departments, and patient education departments; responsible for teaching current nursing practice, trends, skills, etc.

Front 28

Identify the 5 steps for evidence-based practice.

Back 28

Ask a clinical question.

Collect the most relevant and best evidence.

Integrate all evidence with one's clinical expertise and patient preferences and values in making a practice decision or change.

Evaluate the practice decision or change.

Share the outcomes of EBP changes with others.

Front 29

Identify the 5 issues you must address when asking a clinical question.

Back 29

P: What is the patient population you are interested in?
I: What is the intervention of interest?
C: What are you trying to compare?
O: What outcome are you trying to measure?
T: What is the time frame?

Note: PICOT

Front 30

Identify the PICOT values for the following clinical question.

Do nursing students (P) perform better on final exams (O) after they have had at least 8 hours of sleep (I) as opposed to students who “cram” (C) all night (during one semester)?

Back 30

P - nursing students
I - students who have had 8 hours of sleep
C - students who cram all night
O - perform better on exams
T - one semester

Front 31

Identify the PICOT values for the following clinical question.

What is the duration of recovery for patients with total hip replacement who developed a post-operative infection as opposed to those who did not within the first six weeks of recovery?

Back 31

P - patients with hip replacement
I - develop post-op infx
C - don't develop post-op infx
O - duration of recovery
T - first 6 weeks of recovery

Front 32

Identify the PICOT values for the following clinical question.

In men, does having a vasectomy (compared to not having one) increase the risk of getting testicular cancer in the future?

Back 32

P - males
I - getting vasectomy
C - not getting vasectomy
O - getting testicular cancer
T - not specified

Front 33

Identify the PICOT values for the following clinical question.

In infants born prematurely, compared to those born at full term, what is the subsequent lifetime prevalence of sensory deafness?

Back 33

P - newborn infants
I - premature
C - full-term
O - sensory deafness
T - lifetime

Front 34

Identify the PICOT values for the following clinical question.

Does hand washing among healthcare workers reduce hospital acquired infections?

Back 34

P - healthcare workers
I - handwashing
C - not handwashing
O - reduced HAIs
T - not specified

Front 35

Identify what each of these stand for: PICOT.

Back 35

P - population
I - intervention
C - comparison
O - outcome
T - time frame

Front 36

peer-reviewed article

Back 36

one reviewed by a panel of experts familiar with the topic or subject matter of the article before it was published

Front 37

Why are meta-analyses and systematic reviews the perfect answers to PICOT questions?

Where are they found on the hierarchy of evidence?

Back 37

Because they rigorously summarize current evidence; found at the very top

Front 38

randomized controlled trials (RCT)

Back 38

most precise form of experimental study and therefore is the gold standard for research; review of several RCTs is better than a single RCT

Front 39

Identify the 7 stages on the hierarchy of evidence.

Back 39

Front 40

quantitative vs. qualitative research

Back 40

quantitative - precise measurement and quantification based on numerical data and statistical analysis

qualitative - study of phenomena that are difficult to quantify or categorize such as patient perception of illness; interviews, story telling, written transcripts

Front 41

Identify which of the following requires inductive reasoning: quantitative vs. qualitative research.

Back 41

Qualitative research

Front 42

inductive reasoning

Back 42

how probable is it that a conclusion is true

Example: If 90% of humans are right handed and “Joe” is human, than the probability of Joe being right handed is 90%.

Front 43

Identify which type of research (quantitative or qualitative) the following example is related to: experimental research.

Back 43

Quantitative

Front 44

Identify which type of research (quantitative or qualitative) the following example is related to: surveys.

Back 44

Quantitative

Note: Surveys is gathering a large amount of data to describe a population, not personal interview surveys.

Front 45

Identify which type of research (quantitative or qualitative) the following example is related to: story telling.

Back 45

Qualitative

Front 46

Identify which type of research (quantitative or qualitative) the following example is related to: nonexperimental research.

Back 46

Quantitative

Front 47

Identify which type of research (quantitative or qualitative) the following example is related to: written transcripts.

Back 47

Qualitative

Front 48

Identify which type of research (quantitative or qualitative) the following example is related to: grounded theory.

Back 48

Qualitative

Front 49

Identify and define the 3 research methods associated with qualitative research.

Back 49

Ethnography- explores cultural phenomena

Phenomenology- explores structures of subjective experiences and consciousness.

Grounded theory- discovery of theory through analysis of data.

Front 50

Identify and define the 3 levels of critical thinking.

Back 50

basic critical thinking - learner trusts that the experts have the right answers for every problem


complex critical thinking - analyze and examine choices more independently; ability to look beyond expert opinion

commitment - makes choices w/o assistance and accepts accountability for choices

Front 51

The _______ is comparable to the nursing process.

Back 51

scientific method

Front 52

critical thinking

Back 52

active, purposeful, organized, cognitive process used to carefully examine one's thinking and the thinking of other individuals

Front 53

Identity the characteristics of critical thinkers. (4)

Back 53

Open-mindedness
Creativity
Confidence
Continual inquiry

Front 54

Identify 3 ways you can become a great critical thinker.

Back 54

Experience
Commitment
Active curiosity toward learning

Front 55

Identify the 2 types of specific critical thinking.

Back 55

Diagnostic reasoning and inference
Clinical decision making

Front 56

clinical decision making

Back 56

requires careful reasoning in choosing best options for the best patient outcomes (based on patient condition and priority of problems)

Front 57

diagnostic reasoning and inference

Back 57

collect patient data and analyze them to determine the patient’s problems

Front 58

_____________ are necessary for you to acquire clinical decision-making skills.

Back 58

Clinical learning experiences

Front 59

Identify and describe the 3 methods a nurse needs to develop critical thinking skills.

Back 59

Reflective journaling (reflection)

Meeting with colleagues (shared experiences, viewpoints)

Concept mapping (visual representation of pt's problems and interventions)

Front 60

Outcomes are _______. (3)

Back 60

Patient-centered
Measurable
Have a time frame

Front 61

Which of the following is a well-written outcome? Explain why.

A, Patient will understand why he takes insulin.

B. Patient will verbalize why he takes insulin.

Back 61

B. Patient will verbalize why he takes insulin.

It is better because the patient verbalizing his understanding is measurable. You CANNOT measure if a patient understands without you testing their knowledge on it.

Front 62

Identify and briefly define the 5 steps of the nursing process.

Back 62

Assessment- gather information

Diagnosis- identify problem

Planning-set goals (outcomes) and appropriate nursing interventions

Implementation- perform nursing actions

Evaluation- determine if goals are met

Tip: ADPIE

Front 63

Identify which level of critical thinking the following statement relates to: anticipates when to make choices without others' assistance.

Back 63

Commitment critical thinking

Front 64

Identify which level of critical thinking the following statement relates to: analyzes and examine choices more independently.

Back 64

Complex critical thinking

Front 65

Identify which level of critical thinking the following statement relates to: weighs benefits and risks when making a decision.

Back 65

Complex critical thinking