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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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___________ thinking |
Upstream |
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Facilitate ______________ |
Empowerment |
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Know key ________ |
Players |
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________ assumptions |
Address |
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Collaboration of all those __________ |
Involved |
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______ the client |
Ask |
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Work ___ the population |
With |
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Primary _______ |
Prevention |
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________ practice |
Relational |
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What is primary prevention? |
Strategies designed to prevent illness, areas where we can increase health and well-being of community |
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What are examples of primary prevention? |
Education, immunizations, Canada Food Guide, preventing injury-wearing helmet or seatbelt |
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What is secondary prevention? |
Directed at high risk individuals not yet accessing healthcare, early detection and treatment, may result in total cure if caught early enough |
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What are examples of of secondary prevention? |
Screening programs, routine blood work, FIT test |
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What is tertiary prevention? |
Reduces the impact of ling term disease, initiated to prevent further harm/damage, limit disability, restore function, maximize capacity and years of useful life |
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What are some examples of tertiary prevention? |
Help client adapt, rehabilitation |
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What is social justice? |
The view that everyone deserves equal rights and opportunities including the right to good health, work directed at social change-seeking solutions to social, economic and political injustice by addressing root causes of problems, not just symptoms |
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The belief that all persons are entitled to equal health protection and minimum standards of income, extent which society provides opportunities for citizens to socially and economically productive roles, influences the well being of individuals and healthfulness of entire population |
Social justice |
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What is primary heath care? |
Healthcare made universally accessible to individuals and families through their full participation and at a cost the community and country can afford. Model for improving health care delivery, focused on promoting health and preventing illness, attends and addresses many factors that affect health, individuals and health care professionals work together |
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What are the 5 principles of primary health care? |
Accessibility, public participation, health promotion, appropriate technology, inter-sectoral/collaboration |
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What are the 8 essential components of primary health care? |
Education, food, water maternal&child healthcare, immunizations prevention&control of locally endemic diseases, appropriate treatment of diseases&injuries, provision of essential drugs |
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What is drug toxicity? |
Peak blood level is too high; drug becomes poisonous |
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What is trough level? |
Lowest blood level of drug |
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What is duration of action? |
Length of time that the drug concentration is sufficient (without more doses) for the drug to elicit a therapeutic response |
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What is Health Canada‘s key role in the manufacturing of natural health products? |
Establish the Canada vigilance post market surveillance program which collects and assesses adverse reaction reports to NHP‘s and safety assessment from health Canada |
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What defines a drugs half life? |
The time it takes for 1/2 of a given amount of medication into the body to be removed |
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What are the five stages of group/team development? |
Forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning |
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What is the forming stage? |
Most team members are positive and polite, excited, “honeymoon phase” |
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What is the storming stage? |
Boundaries pushed, comments have been made |
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What is the norming stage? |
Resolving differences |
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What is the performing stage? |
Hard work, getting job done |
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What is the adjourning phase? |
Morning, difficult transition to say goodbye |
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What is trade name? |
Commercial name given by manufacturer known as the marketing name |
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What is a pharmacokinetic pathway? |
Absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination |
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What is absorption? |
Movement of drug from site of a ministration into the bloodstream for distribution to the tissues |
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What is bio availability? |
Extent/amount of drug absorbed influenced by route of a ministration |
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What is rate of absorption? |
How quickly the drug reaches the bloodstream from the site of administration. the shorter the time it takes to reach the blood the faster the rate of absorption |
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What are the different routes of absorption? |
Enteral(oral), parenteral(injection), topical(surface of the skin) |
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What is distribution? |
Transport of drug in body by bloodstream to intended site of action |
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What areas will have the best distribution and the slowest distribution? |
Areas well supplied with blood vessels or areas of rapid distribution [heart, lungs, kidney, liver, brain]. Areas not as well supplied with blood vessel have slower distribution [skin, muscle, fat] |
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What is metabolism? |
Breakdown and conversion of medication into active chemical substance this is also known as biotransformation |
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Where does metabolism breakdown mostly occur? |
Liver, also in skeletal muscles, kidneys, lungs Cosme plasma and intestinal mucosa |
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What are metabolism processes that occur? |
Oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, conjugation |
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Primarily through the kidneys, secondarily liver and bowels |
Getting rid of drug. Primarily through the kidneys, secondarily liver and bowels |
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What are the SEDoH’s? |
Gender, education, personal health practices and coping skills, biology and genetics, social status and income, healthy childhood development, social support networks, working conditions, physical environment, health services, culture, social environments |
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Which route of drug administration will be altered by the first pass effect? |
Enteral route |
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What is the direct advantage of using over-the-counter medication? |
Doesn’t require a prescription [more convenient] |
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What class of drugs are commonly used as over-the-counter remedies? |
Schedule lll- pharmacy only non-prescription drugs, open access, pharmacist available to answer questions |
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What is enteric coated? |
Slowest rate of absorption(has many layers), absorbed orally, if it has to go through GI tract, this method is preferred. Coding on pill that can survive stomach acid, used for patients with sensitive stomachs |
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What is the Lalonde report? |
New perspectives on the health of Canadians, a change on the focus of health instead of the focus on disease, prevention of health problems and promotion of good health |
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What is relational practice? |
Related to how community health nurses create, nurture, develop and maintain professional relationships(listening, empathy reflection, sensitivity, mutuality) |
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What is pharmacodynamics? |
What the drug does to the body. Actions of drugs in living tissues, produces a change in the body that can be beneficial and sometimes harmful |
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What is pharmacokinetics? |
What the body does to the drug. Movement of drug into, through and out of the body, dependent on patient factors and chemical components of the drug. ADME |
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What is the definition of values? |
One’s judgement of what’s important in life |
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What’s the definition of beliefs? |
Trust, faith or confidence in someone or something |
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What are assumptions? |
I think that is accepted as true or a certain to happen, without proof |
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What is evidence-based nursing? |
The use of current best evidence and making decisions about the care of the patient. Research utilization is integrated with clinical expertise, client preference and available resources |
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What is community empowerment? |
Enabling communities to increase control over their lives |
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What is the Ottawa Charter? |
Address is the importance of social and environmental approach to achieving equity in Health, defined health promotion process of enabling, advocating and mediating. Identified prerequisites for health |
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What is the CAP model? |
Assessment, analysis(lines of resistance, stressor), diagnosis, planning, intervention(primordial prevention, primary/secondary/tertiary prevention), evaluation |
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What is advocacy? |
Pleading and supporting clients rights by respecting client decisions and enhancing client autonomy |
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What is health promotion? |
Process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve their health. Positive an action orientated, builds unhealthiness rather than the prevention of treatment or illness, reduces differences in health status and vulnerability |
