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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Nutrients
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Substances in foods and fluids that the body uses to grow, repair itself, and carry out processes essential for living
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Nutrition
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The process of taking in and using food
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Ingestion
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The intake of food or fluids
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Digestion
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The process of breaking food down into simple elements (nutrients)
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Absorption
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Transfer of nutrients from the digestive tract into the bloodstream
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Calories
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The unit of measure used to describe the energy content of food
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Glucose
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The body's most basic type of fuel; supplied by carbohydrates and sometimes referred to as "blood sugar"
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Amino Acids
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Molecules that are the building blocks of the body's cells; found in proteins
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Fat-Soluble
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Adjective used to describe a substance that dissolves in fat
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Water-Soluble
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Adjective used to describe a substance that dissolves in water
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Obese
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The state of being extremely overweight
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Appetite
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The desire for food
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Anorexia
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Loss of appetite
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Nutritional Supplement
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A flavored shake or drink that is used to supply extra calories or protein; often served with meals or as a snack in between meals
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Dietitian
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A person who has a degree in nutrition
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Intravenous (IV) Therapy
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An alternative method of providing fluids and nutrition; fluids are given through a small catheter that is inserted into a vein
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Enternal Nutrition
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Placing food directly into a person's stomach or intestines, using a nasogastric tube, nasointestinal tube, gastrostomy tube, jejunostomy tube, or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy
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Nasogastric Tube
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A tube used for enternal nutrition that is inserted through the nose, down the throat, and into the stomach
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Nasointestinal Tube
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A tube used for eternal nutrition that is inserted through the nose, down the throat, and into the the small intestines
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Gastrostomy Tube
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A tube used for enternal nutrition that is inserted into the stomach through a surgical incision in the abdomen
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Jejunostomy Tube
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A tube used for enternal nutrition that is inserted into the jejunum (part of the small intestine) through a surgical incision in the abdomen
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Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG) Tube
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A special type of gastrostomy tube that is inserted into the stomach with the aid of an endoscope
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Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN, Hyperalimentation)
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An alternative method of providing fluid and nutrition; nourishment is delivered directly into the bloodstream through a large catheter inserted into a large vein near the heart
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Fluid Balance
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A state where the amount of fluid taken into the body equals the amount of fluid that leaves the body
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Dehydration
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Too little fluid in the tissues of the body
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Edema
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Too much fluid in the tissues of the body
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NPO Status
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A doctor's order specifying that a patient or resident is to have "nils per os" (nothing by mouth)
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Intake and Output (I&O) Flow Sheet
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A document used for recording measurements of all the fluids that enter and leave the body
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Graduate
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A measuring device used to measure fluids
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