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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Respiratory rate (RR) definition?
(Ventilator) |
The number of times per minute a mandatory breath is delivered by the ventilator
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Tidal volume (TV) definition?
(Ventilator) |
Volume of each breath
5-8 ml/kg patient body weight 500-600 ml |
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What is FiO2?
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The percentage of oxygen delivered by the ventilator
Room air is 21% |
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What is pressure support (PS)?
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The level of support provided by the ventilator during spontaneous breaths
(Typically 8 -10) (Little boost during inspiration) |
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What is (PEEP)?
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Positive and expiratory pressure- amount of pressure remaining in the lungs at the end of expiration, helps prevent atelectasis
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Barotrauma?
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Damage to lungs d/t high volume or high pressure
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Minute Ventilation?
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RR X Tidal volume
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Peak inspiratory pressure (PIP)?
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Highest pressure measured in the lungs upon inspiration (elasticity)
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Compliance?
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The lungs ability to expand
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What is the difference between continuous mechanical ventilation (CMV) and synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV)?
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With CMV the ventilator assists the patient when the patient takes a spontaneous breath on their own, there is no assistance from the ventilator with a spontaneous breath on a SIMV
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When would you use a SIMV?
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Used for weaning and to find out what patient can do
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What is pressure controlled ventilation (PCV)?
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Ventilation in which a pressure is set rather than a volume
Used for stiff lungs or at risk for pneumothorax |
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On the adult non-verbal pain scale, which things do you give 2 points for?
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1)Noisy breathing
2)Tense body language 3)Physical movements (restless) 4)Altered facial expression 5)Known painful procedure or pathology |
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What is the Motor Activity Assessment Scale (MAAS) used for?
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Represents how adequately ventilated patient is
should be 2-3, if restless or agitated score will be higher |
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Propofol (Dirpravan)
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Used for sedation
Against the law for nurses to push (may bolus IV) |
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How do you assess paralyzation when patient has been given a neuromuscular blocking agent?
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Peripheral nerve stimulator
"Train of four" 2/4 means 2 twitches per 4 shocks |
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How do you prevent Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP)?
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HOB greater than 30 deg
Agressive oral care Daily weaning trial with timely extubation Prophylactic PUD and DVT (antiacid and blood thinners) |
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Hemothorax?
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Fluid, lower and posterior
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Pneumothorax?
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Air, higher and anterior
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Symptoms of a pneumothorax?
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Severe respiratory distress, tachycardia, hypotension, mediastinal displacement, and trachea shifts.
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Possible causes of a pneumothorax?
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Mechanical vent
CPR Clamped, blocked, chest tube |
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Suction control chamber? (pleural drainage system)
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Usually 20cm water
Controls the amount of suction (not the wall suction) |
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Water-seal chamber (pleural drainage system)?
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Contains 20 cm of water, which acts as a one-way valve
Tidaling- slight fluctuations in water level when breathing in |
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Collection chamber (pleural drainage system)?
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Receives fluid and air from chest. Fluid stays, air goes to water seal chamber
Mark level at the end of the shift |
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What does crackling mean when you palpate around the dressing site in a patient with a chest tube?
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Subcutaneous emphysema- air gets under the skin
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How do you know when it is time to remove a chest tube?
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Less drainage
Less bubbling Easy, unlabored respirations |
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Breath sounds in a pneumo?
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May not hear breath sounds, return when time to take out
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Level of pleural drainage system?
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Never elevate to the level of the patient's chest
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Where do you draw an ABG from?
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Artery, radial or femoral
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pH norm (ABG)?
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7.35-7.45
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pCO2 norm (ABG)?
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35-45
High= acid Low= alkaline |
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HCO3 norm (ABG)?
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22-26
High= alkaline Low= acid |
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If pH is normal but pCO2 & HCO3 are abnormal what do you do?
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Use a pH of 7.40 as cut-off
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