Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
146 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Type of play when children play independently but among other children
|
parallel play
|
|
When does separation anxiety peak
|
12-18 months
|
|
When can an infant feed themselves
|
7 1/2 months
|
|
An attempt to control or change the situation, resisting another's attempt to control you, cooperating or complying with demands are examples of
|
active coping
|
|
What are stratefies to prevent or minimize separation
|
rooming in and use of an attachment object
|
|
Should be obtained for children over 7 who are not of majority
|
assent
|
|
What are the stages of separation anxiety
|
protest, despair, detachment
|
|
For a child over the age of three, you do this to assess the ear
|
pull pinna up and back
|
|
Breast bud stage-small area of elevation around papilla; enlargement of areolar diameter; sparse growth of hair extending along the labia
|
Tanner stage 2
|
|
Further enlargement of breast and areola with no separation of their contours; darker hair spread over entire pubis in triangle
|
Tanner stage 3
|
|
Projection of areola abd papilla to form a secondary mound; denser hair and adult distribution, but still restricted to pubic area
|
Tanner stage 4
|
|
mature breast configuration projection of papilla; hair adult in quantity etc. spreading to aspect of thighs
|
Tanner stage 5
|
|
Initial enlargement of scrotum and testes; reddening of skin, growth of long hair on base of penis
|
Tanner stage 2
|
|
Initial enlargement of penis; hair spread further over entire pubis
|
Tanner stage 3
|
|
Increased size of penis and glands; hair more abundant but restricted to pubic area
|
Tanner stage 4
|
|
Testes, scrotum and penis adult size, hair spreading to inner surface of thigh
|
Tanner stage 5
|
|
Where do you assess heart rate on an infant
|
apical pulse
|
|
What should never be assessed on a young child without the parent present
|
genitalia
|
|
Pain scales to measure pain in nonverbal children
|
FLAAC, Oucher, NIPS, Wongs Face scale
|
|
Disease that is teratogenic to the infant
|
rubella
|
|
What is the incubation period for mumps?
|
14-21 days
|
|
How are pertussis and chicken pox transmitted?
|
droplets
|
|
A disease that has been eradicated from the world by immunizations
|
polio
|
|
What is the chain of infection
|
pathogenic microorganisms, reservoir, means of escape, mode of transmission, means of entry, and host susceptibility
|
|
Refers to an addition or increase in structure or change in quantity
|
growth
|
|
A process of strategies or flexible approaches for dealing with stressors
|
coping
|
|
What are S&S of poor nutrition
|
low weight, pallor, lethargy, dry skin, listless eyes
|
|
What are items a child can use for gratification and active coping
|
mom/dad, play, pacifier, blanket
|
|
When are polio immunizations given
|
2 mo., 4 mo., 6-18 mo., usually at 12-15 motnhs
|
|
What are teo immunizations that require 3 series of shots?
|
Hep B and HPV
|
|
Three new vaccines recommended for 2007
|
rotavirus, HPV and TDAP
|
|
What is documented for a vaccine?
|
route, site, date, VIS given, parental consent, vaccine lot #, manufacturer, signature of who gave it
|
|
What is the immunization recommended for children who are 2-23 months
|
pneumococcal
|
|
Language for birth to 18 months
|
Sound
Coos Monosyllables Words |
|
What is the extent of a 12 month old speech
|
2 syllables and three words
|
|
Gross Motor for birth -18 months
|
Lift head
Rollover Sit Crawl Stand Walk |
|
age of crawling
|
9 months
|
|
age of standing holding
|
9 months
|
|
age to stand alone
|
14 months
|
|
age to stoop and recover
|
14 months
|
|
age to walk well by
|
15 months
|
|
Fine Motor for birth- 18 months
|
follows with eyes
grasp bang 2 cubes put block in cup build tower of blocks scribbles imitates line copy picture |
|
Social skills for birth-18 months
|
Smile
Recognize caregiver stranger anxiety work for toy feed self drink form cup separation anxiety use silverware |
|
Toddler Social stage
|
shame and doubt versus autonomy
|
|
Types of play for children
|
onlooker
solitary parallel associative cooperative |
|
Refers to an increase complexity or specificity related to functioning; qualitative change
|
development
|
|
Causes of developmental delays
|
transient (illness)
prematurity CNS |
|
developmental directional trends
|
cephalocaudal
proximodistal differentiation(simple to complex) sensitive periods |
|
What are the most important determinants of height and weight
|
genetica and nutrition
|
|
weight of average child doubles by:
triples by: quadruples by: |
6 mo.; 1 year; 2 1/2 years
|
|
How far away should you hold object for baby to see?
|
18 inches
|
|
Erikson social for infant
|
trust vs mistrust
|
|
Erikson social for preschooler
|
initiative vs guilt
|
|
Erikson social for school age
|
industry vs inferiority
|
|
Erikson social for adolescence
|
identity vs role confusion
|
|
Cognitive development stages of Piagets
|
sensorimotor
preoperational concrete operations formal operations |
|
What is the developmental assessment chart called
|
Denver II
|
|
vitals for 1-3 days old
|
65/41
100-180 35 |
|
vitals for 1-3 month old
|
95/58
100-220 25-30 |
|
vitals for 3mo-2 year old
|
95/58
80-150 25-30 |
|
vitals for 2-5 year old
|
101/57
70-110 21-25 |
|
vitals for 10 years and above
|
120/80
55-90 16-19 |
|
What do you assess first on a newborn?
|
heart sounds and heart rate
|
|
Would you want to complete the assessment before doing vital signs?
|
yes
|
|
How do you approach a two year old?
|
down to eye level, and quickly
|
|
Orientation of 2 year old
|
Ax1
|
|
orientation of 4 year old
|
Ax2
|
|
orientation of 9 year old
|
Ax3
|
|
How do you chart the narrative assessment of a newborn?
|
alert, awake, crying, no hgih pitch squeel, fontanelle
|
|
How do you chart the narrative assessment of an asthma patient?
|
lung quality, adventitious noises, accessory muscle use
|
|
National Cholesterol Program recommends no more than __ calories form fat
|
30%
|
|
Signs of Anorexia or Bulimia
|
calluses on knuckles
cessation of menses dull thinning hair |
|
What is the only vaccine that may be given before 6 weeks of age?
|
Hep B
|
|
What is considered to be a possible side effect of immunizations?
|
autism
|
|
Preschool immunization requirements
|
5 DTAP
3 HepB HIB 2 MMR 3 Polio Rotovirus |
|
School immunization requirements
|
5 DTAP
3 HepB 2 MMR 5 Polio Varicella |
|
When do you not give a vaccine
|
no consent
acute illness with high fever |
|
Where are most immunizations given
|
anteriolateral thigh
|
|
Which vaccines are given subQ?
|
IPV, MMR, Varicella
|
|
Vaccine recommended in certain states; spreads in areas where poor sanitary conditions or good hygiene not observed
|
Hepatitis A
|
|
How are measles transmitted?
|
droplets
|
|
symptoms of measles
|
cold symtoms, fever, spots inside mouth, encephalitis, pneumonia, otitis media
|
|
Icubation period for measles
|
10-20 days
|
|
Infection period of measles
|
4 days before-5 days afer rash starts
|
|
How is rubella transmitted
|
direct contact
|
|
what is the incubation period for rubella
|
14-21 days
|
|
what is the infection period for rubella
|
7 days before- 5 days after rash
|
|
Infants with congenital rubella are at risk for
|
mental retardation, deafness, blindness, and heart disease
|
|
How are mumps transmitted
|
direct contact
|
|
what is the incubation period for mumps?
|
14-21 days
|
|
What is the infection period for mumps
|
day before and day after neck edema
|
|
Complications of mumps include
|
unilateral deafness, encephalitis, myocarditis, arthritis
|
|
What is aka whooping cough
|
pertussis
|
|
incubation period for pertussis
|
7-10 days
|
|
how long does pertussis last?
|
1-2 weeks
|
|
How is diptheria transmitted
|
direct contact
|
|
what is the incubation period for diptheria
|
2-5 days
|
|
what is the infection period for diptheria
|
2-4 weeks
|
|
Complications of diptheria
|
swelling of lymph nodes in neck, cold symptoms, fever, white membrane on back of tonsil
|
|
what is aka lock jaw
|
tetanus
|
|
how is tetanus transmitted
|
bacteria spores through open wounds/direct contact with blood stream
|
|
What is HIb
|
septicemia causing vasculitis and gangrene
|
|
How is varicella transmitted
|
oral, cutaneous, or anal involvement. Droplet contact with lesion
|
|
What is aka chickenpox
|
varicella
|
|
Are varicella scabs contagious?
|
no
|
|
What is the incubation period for varicella?
|
13-17 days
|
|
What is the infection period for varicella
|
1 day before-6 days after (crusted over)
|
|
What is important to know about varicella in adults?
|
Can lead to varicella zoster in immunosuppressed, leading to shingles
|
|
Can you get shingles form varicella?
|
no
|
|
Can you get varicella from shinglea?
|
yes
|
|
What vaccines are eradicated thorugh vaccines?
|
smallpox, polio, and nearly rubella
|
|
What is the leading cause of bacterial meningitis, bacteremia, and acute otis media in children?
|
pneumococcal
|
|
First time receiving influeza vaccine
|
6 mo-9 years; give 2 doses seperated by 4-6 weeks
|
|
When is influenza vaccine contraindicated?
|
if severly ill or allergic to eggs
|
|
What is rotavirus?
|
A virus causing vomiitng and diarrhea>> dehydration in infants
|
|
Rotavirus vaccine series
|
2m, 4m, and 6m.
|
|
Vaccines for adolescents
|
meningococcal and HPV
|
|
Approaches to prevention of injury
|
education
enforcement engineering |
|
Normal temperature for newborn
|
36.1-37.7 C
|
|
Norm temp for 1 year old
|
37.7 C
|
|
Norm temp for 2 year old
|
37.2
|
|
Normal temp for 6 year and bove
|
37.0 C
|
|
Temp conversion
F= |
F= (C x1.8)+32
|
|
Temp conversion
C= |
C= 0.556 x (F-32)
|
|
Fluid requirements for neonate (<72 hours)
|
60-100ml/kg
|
|
Fluid requirements for 0-10 kg
|
1000 ml/kg
|
|
Fluid requirements for 11-20 kg
|
1000 ml for first 10 kg+ 50 ml per additional kg
|
|
Fluid requirments for 21-30 kg
|
1500 ml for first 20 kg+ 25 ml per additional kg
|
|
high risk neonate caloric requirements
|
120-150 cal/kg
|
|
infant caloric requirement
|
100-120 cal/kg
|
|
1-2 year caloric requirement
|
90-100 cal/kg
|
|
2-6 year caloric requirement
|
80-90 cal/kg
|
|
7-9 year caloric requirement
|
70-80 cal/kg
|
|
10-12 year caloric requirment
|
50-60 cal./kg
|
|
Who needs airborne isolation?
|
measles and varicella
|
|
who needs special airborne isolation
|
tuberculosis
|
|
Who needs contact isolation?
|
rotovirus and RSV
|
|
Who needs droplet isolation?
|
influenza and pertussis
|
|
Immunizations at birth
|
Hepatitis
|
|
Immunizations at 4 months
|
RDHPI
|
|
Immunizations at 6 months
|
Hepatitis and RDHP (no I)
|
|
12-15 month vaccinations
|
HPIMV
|
|
15-18 month vaccinations
|
DTaP
|
|
Immunizations at 2 months
|
Hepatitis and RDHPI
|
|
All children at what age and weight must ride in a car seat?
|
under 4 years old and under 40 lbs
|
|
All children at what age and weight must ride in a rear-facing car seat?
|
under 1 year old and under 20 pounds
|