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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why would a person with acute pancreatitis take an antacid?
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to decrease the stimulation of the pancreas
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Name some antacids.
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Maalox
Mylanta |
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When do you administer antacids?
What are some side effects of antacids? |
1-3 hours after meals
diarrhea (magnesium type) constipation (aluminum type) |
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Why would someone with pancreatitis take an antispasmodic?
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to relax the pancreatic duct to allow the enzymes to leave the pancreas which will decrease the autodigestion of the pancreas
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Name some antispasmodics.
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Probanthine
Banthine Bentyl |
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What is another name for the class of drugs called "antispasmodics"?
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anticholinergics
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Why would a person with pancreatitis or hepatitis take an antiemetic?
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to reduce vomiting
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What is the problem with phenergen?
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hepatic toxicity....so do not use it in hepatitis. Use Compazine or Torecan instead.
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What are the side effects of antiemetics?
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similar to anticholinergics but also sedative effects
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Describe what Neomycin does and what condition it would be used with.
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Neomycin is an antiinfective. It is used in patients with cirrhosis who are exhibiting hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatic encephalopathy is caused from two things: one of them is the presence of e-coli in the intestines that is making ammonia. Kill the bacteria in the GI tract, reduce the ammonia.
It is not a systemic antibiotic, instead it stays local in the GI tract to manage the e-coli. |
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What is Questran?
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Questran is a drug used in hepatitis patients who are exhibiting pruritus. By binding with the bile salts, it prevents their reabsorption.
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What are the side effects of Questran?
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nausea, constipation and abdominal distention
(think: it binds bile salts and binds stool=constipation) Make sure to administer this spaced out from other drugs b/c it can affect their absorption rates |
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Name some of the pancreatic enzyme replacement drugs.
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Pancreatin
Viokase Pancrease Contazyme Decholin |
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How do you determine if the digestant (pancreatic enzyme replacement drug) is effective ?
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counting the number of fatty stools : steatorrhea
You may need to teach your patient to maintain a stool chart. |
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Why are H2 blockers and PPIs given to pancreatitis patients?
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decrease the gastric acid secretion that will also rest the pancreas.
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What is a cathartic drug?
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a very strong laxative
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What diagnosis might use a cathartic drug?
(related to this content) |
cirrhosis that is causing hepatic encephalopathy
clean out the bowels with this drug so that you can remove the bacteria that is producing ammonia |
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What is Lactulose?
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a hyperosmotic laxative used in hepatic encephalopathy
by decreasing the pH of the stomach, it discourages bacterial growth and increases the excretion of ammonia in the stool |
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Your patient is taking lactulose. What type of stool do you expect them to have?
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Lactulose makes stools really soft.
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What is Sandostatin?
generic: octreotide acetate |
a hormone that decreases pancreatic secretions
allows the pancreas to rest |
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What are the side effects of octreotide acetate?
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abdominal cramping
advise patient to report n/v and RUQ pain or fatty food intolerance due to the chance of cholelithiasis as a side effect |
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What do you WARN a patient prior to administering octreotide acetate?
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it is an injection and they may have palpations and cramping for about 5 minutes after an injection
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What type of drug is Vasopressin?
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a vasoconstrictor
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Why is Vasopressin used in cirrhosis?
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it is used to constrict the blood vessels that are enlarged and fragile related to ESOPHAGEAL VARICES
tries to decrease the bleeding potential |
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What is a MAJOR side effect of vasopressin?
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It constricts the heart vessels, so most likely the patient will be in ICU so they can have cardiac monitoring during administration
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The three main side effects of vasopressin are...
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diarrhea
chest pain abdominal cramping (this is not a long term use drug) |
