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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In order to be considered OVERWEIGHT, what percentage of body weight over "ideal" would you be?
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Overweight is 10-20% over ideal weight
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If you are OBESE, how much over "ideal body weight" are you?
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20% over ideal weight
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Obesity is an excess of adipose tissue, but not an increase in the number of fat cells. Instead it is an increase in the.....
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size of fat cells. The proportion of fat cells
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Other than subcutaneous fat, where else is the fat on your body?
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visceral....around the organs
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What is the definition of morbid obesity?
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when body weight exceeds 100% of ideal body weight
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What are the only two ways you can "loose" fat cells?
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liposuction and lipectomy
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List the common problems of the cardiovascular system that are directly related to obesity.
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HTN (3-5X more likely to see)
hyperlipidemia hyperinsulinemia CV disease |
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List MSK and GI issues that are related to obesity.
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osteoarthritis
GERD gallbladder disease gout degenerative joint disease |
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List the respiratory issues that are related to obesity.
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hypercapnia
sleep apnea (both related to increased thorasic weight under the diaphragh |
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What can happen to the liver due to obesity?
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fatty liver disease
(obesity leads to cirrhosis, liver failure and death....from permanent scaring) |
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What cancers are related to obesity?
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colon, breast, ovarian, endometrial and prostate
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What is the BMI for overweight?
obese morbidly obese |
25-30 is overweight
30-40 is obese morbidly obese is greater than 40 |
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List two anthropometric measurements to diagnose obesity.
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skin fold with callipers
abdominal circumference |
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What are the three general interventions used to treat obesity?
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exercise
diet modification behavior modification |
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What is the dietician going to have a patient do when they are conducting a dietary consult?
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Have them write down 24 hours to 3 days worth of normal intake
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How many calories a day is a low calorie diet?
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1200
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When educating a patient who is obese, what needs to be included in your teaching?
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never make assumptions
educate on BMI, calories, Food Triangle Teach based on what they DON"T KNOW about eating and exercise |
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What causes the chronic hypercapnia that is related to obesity?
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chest can not fully expand due to the fat, so there is a decreased IN and OUT that results in chronic CO2 retention
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What things are EVIDENCE that a patient may be suffering from hypercapnia secondary to obesity?
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SOB
cyanosis somnolence dyspnea |
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What is somnolence?
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kind of falling asleep just sitting there
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Chronic hypercapnia results in numbing of the ________ ________ that usually detect the level of CO2 in the blood.
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carotid sensors
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What is the level of oxygen that is recommended to administer to a chronic hypercapnic patient? why?
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1-2 L
b/c if it was higher, they would stop breathing due to the regulatory mechanism now being levels of O2 in the blood |
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Interventions for chronic hypercapnia include....
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HOB at 30 degrees
Assess for periods of restlessness @ night Administer O2 at low levels |
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What is a realistic collaborative intervention for weight loss?
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nutrition modification of weight loss at 1-2 LBS each week
FOCUS on first 20% Weight only ONCE A WEEK (not daily) |
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What would be included in behavior modification for an obese patient in regard to loosing weight?
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keep a journal
avoid situations that trigger eating |
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What drugs are used for obesity?
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stimulants (but only for a short period of time) PHEN FEN
They work by suppressing the appetite. Contraindicated in heart failure patients Ali (blocks fat absorption) |
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What are the requirements for surgical interventions for obesity?
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+morbid obesity
+other weight loss failure +no serious endo problems +absence of other medical problems (liver disease, alcoholism, CA) +psychological and social stability |
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What is the BMI requirement for gastric bypass surgery?
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greter than 35
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What are the three ways that bypass procedures work to assist patient to loose weight?
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-decrease size of stomach
-decrease rate of amount of absorption -combination of both |
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Give an example of a surgical procedure that helps a patient loose weight by reducing the size of the stomach.
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Gastric Bypass (traditional)
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What is the most common gastric bypass surgery that is performed?
How does it WORK to produce weight loss? |
Roux En Y Gastric Bypass
decreases size of stomach (intake) and decreases absorption |
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What does the bypass look like? (roux en y) What is connected to what?
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upper portion of stomach is connected to jejunum (stomach is reduced to 1oz....eventually will sretch to 4 oz)
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Give an example of a surgical intervention that ONLY reduces the size of stomach and not the rate of absorption.
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gastroplasty (VERTICAL BAND)
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What are the potential complications after surgery to treat obesity?
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1. Vitamin deficiency
2. Metabolic and biochemical complications (lectrolyte imbalances) 3. Persistent N/V (projectile) 4. Leakage (due to anastomosis) |
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What is the deal with drinking while eating?
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increases the size of the stomach. Drink only inbetween meals
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