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114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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# for WBC
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4500-10000
same for women |
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# for RBC
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4.6 - 6.0 men
4.0 - 5.0 women |
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Purpose of RBC test
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to monitor RBC and diagnose blood disorders and blood loss
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Low RBC
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hemorrhage
anemia infection |
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Low WBC
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anemia
viral infection malaria |
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High WBC
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acute infection
tissue necrosis leukemias |
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High RBC
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polycythemia vera
hemoconcentration/dehydration high altitude |
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# for hemoglobin
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13.5 -17 men
12-15 women |
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Purpose of hemoglobin
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to monitor hemoglobin value of RBC
to assist in diagnosing anemia to suggest presence of body fluid deficit |
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Low hemoglobin
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anemia
severe hemorrhage cirrhosis of live |
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High hemoglobin
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dehydration
polycythemia high altitudes |
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Low hematocrit
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acute blood loss
anemia leukemia |
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# for hematocrit
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40-54% men
36-46% women |
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Purpose of hematocrit
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to check volume of RBC in blood
to monitor the volume of RBC in blood during debilitating illness |
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What does low hematocrit mean?
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acute blood loss
anemia leukemias |
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# platelets
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150,000-400,000
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What is purpose of platelet count?
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to check the platelet count
to monitor the platelet county during cancer therapy |
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Low platelets
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idiopathic thrombycytopenic purpura
multiple myeloma cancer |
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High platelets
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polycythemia vera
trauma (surgery, fractures) postsplenectomy |
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Purpose of MCV
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to monitor RBC count
to differentiate between the components of RBC indices to determina a health problem |
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# for MCV
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80-98
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Low MCV
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microcytic anemia
iron deficiency malignancy rheumatoid arthritis |
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High MCV
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macrocytic anemia
chronic liver disease hypothyroidism |
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Which four have to do with polycythemia vera?
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High RBC
High platelets High hematocrit High hemoglobin |
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# RDW
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11.5 - 14.5
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Which tests have different values for women?
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RBC
hemoglobin hematocrit ALT |
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What is purpose of RDW?
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red cell distrubtion width...varying sizes and shapes cause a rise in this. anemias have a rise. it is used with MCV to predict anemia and other problems with red blood cells
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High RDW?
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iron deficiency anemia
folic acid deficiency anemia pernicious anemia |
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Purpose of total Bilirubin
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to monitor bilirubin levels associated with jaundice
to suggest the occurance of a liver disorder |
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What are the ranges of total bilirubin?
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0.1 - 1.2
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Low bilirubin
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iron deficiency anemia
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High bilirubin
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obstructive jaundice
infectious mono liver cancer |
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What is ALP #?
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42-136
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Purpose of ALP
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to determine presence of a liver or bone disorder
to compare ALP results with other lab tests for confirmation of a liver or bone disorder |
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Low ALP
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hypothyroidism
malnutrition scurvy |
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High ALP
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obstructive biliary disease (jaundice)
cancer of the liver heptatocellular cirrhosis |
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AST range
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8-38
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ALT range
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10-35 males slightly higher
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Purpose of AST
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AST is an enzyme found mainly in the heart muscle and liver that increases during an acute MI and liver damage.
Compare ALT iwth CK and LDH for diagnosing an acute MI |
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ALT purpose
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to detect the presence of a liver disorder
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High AST
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acute MI, hepatitis, liver necrosis
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Low AST
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pregnancy
diabetic ketoacidosis |
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High ALT
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acute liver hepatitis
necrosis of the liver cirrhosis |
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Low ALT
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exercise
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Purpose of albumin
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to detect an albumin deficit
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# for albumin
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3.5 to 5.0
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Low albumin
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cirrhosis of the liver
acute liver failure severe burns |
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High albumin
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dehydration
severe vomiting severe diarrhea |
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# range for protein
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6.0-8.0
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purpose of albumin
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to differentiate between albumin and globulin
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Low total protein
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prolonged malnutrition
starvation low protein diet |
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High total protein
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dehydration
vomiting diarrhea |
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# for calcium
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4.5 - 5.5
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low calcium
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diarrhea
malabsorption of calcium from the gi tract extensive infections |
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high calcium
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hypervitaminosis D
neoplasm of the bone, lung, breast, bladder or kidney |
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# BUN
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5-25
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Purpose of BUN
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to detect a renal disorder or dehydration associated with increased BUN levels
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low BUN
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severe liver damage
low protein diet overhydration |
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high BUN
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dehydration
high protein intake GI bleeding |
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glucose #
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70-110
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low glucose
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hypoglycemic reaction
cancer (stomach, liver, lungs) adrenal gland hypofunction |
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high glucose
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diabetes mellitus
diabetes acidosis adrenal gland hypterfunction (Cushing's syndrome) |
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# for Chloride
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95-105
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purpose of chloride
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to check the CL level in relation to K, Na and acid base balance
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low Cl
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vomiting
gastric suctioning diarrhea |
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high chloride
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dehydration
hypernatremia hyperparathyroidism |
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# for sodium
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135-145
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low sodium
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vomiting
diarrhea gastric suction |
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high sodium
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dehydration
severe vomiting and diarrhea congestive heart failure |
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# for potassium
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3.5-5.3
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low potassium
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vomiting/diarrhea
dehydration malnutrition/starvation |
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high potassium
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oliguria/anuria
acute rental failure iv potassium fluids |
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CO2 #
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22-30
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purpose of CO2
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to check for the presence of metabolic acidosis or alkalosis
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low co2
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metabolic acidosis, diabetic ketoacidosis, starvation
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high CO2
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metabolic alkalosis
severe vomiting gastric suctioning |
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List WBC in orde of concentraiton
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neutrophils
lymphocytes monocytes eosinophils basophil |
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% of neutro
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50-70
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% of lymph
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25-35
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% of mono
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4-6
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% of eosionpil
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1-3
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% of basophils
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.4-1.0
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which wbc up with viral?
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lymph
mono |
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Which WBC down with stress?
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eosinophils
basophils *so if you are stressed out with your allergies, maybe your nose won't run....hjahah |
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Which WBC up with allergic reaction?
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eosinophils
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low neutrophils
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viral diseases
leukemias agranulocytosis |
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high neutrophils
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acute infections
inflammatory diseases tissue damage |
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low lymphocytes
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cancer
leukemia adrenocortical hyperfunction |
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high lymphocytes
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lymphocytic leukemia
viral infections chronic infections |
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low monocytes
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lymphocytic leukemia
aplastic anemia |
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high monocytes
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viral diseases
parasitc diseases monocytic leukemia |
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low eosinophils
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stress: burns, shock, adrenocortical hyperfunction
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high eosinophils
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allergies
parasitic disease cancer |
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low basophils
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stress
hypersensitivity reaction pregnancy |
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high basophils
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inflammatory process
leukemia healing stage of infection or inflammation |
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parasitic diseases, which WBC are high?
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eosinophils
monocytes |
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which tests are HIGH with diarrhea?
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albumin
protein |
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which test has highs and lows depending on whether the vomiting or diarrhea is normal or severe?
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sodium
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# specific gravity of urine
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1.005-1.030
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Low specific gravity of urine
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diabetes insipidus
excess fluid intake renal disease |
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High specific gravity of urine
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decreased fluid intake
fever administration of IV dextran or albumin |
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# ph urine
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4.5-8 (6 is average)
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low ph urine
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metabolic acidosis
respiratory acidosis starvation |
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high ph urine
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bacteruria
uti drug influence |
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presence of glucose in urine
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diabetes mellitus
CNS disorders (stroke meningitis) anesthesia |
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# protein urine
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2-8
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high protein
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exercise
severe stress fever acute infectious disease |
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low protein
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very diluted urine
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ketones in urine
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ketoacidosis, starvation, a diet high in protein and low in carbs
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WBC high in urine
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UTI
fever strenuous exercise |
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RBC urine #
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1-2
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WBC urine #
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3-4
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Bile in urine
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obstructive biliary disease
liver disease CHF with jaundice |
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What would cause RBC in urine?
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kidney trauma
renal disease |
